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विक्षनरी:हिन्दी-अंग्रेजी शब्दकोश : चवर्ग

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हिन्दी-अंग्रेजी शब्दकोश के मुखपृष्ठ पर चलें

  • च cha -- the first letter of the second pentad (i.e. चवर्ग) of the Devanagari alphabet; a click sound produced by the impact of the tongue on the hard palate as an expression of pity, disgust, etc., what a pity! How sad! How bad! etc.; also च् ..च्.
  • चंग chāṅg -- (nf) a typical brand of paper kite; (nm) a musical instrument like a small timbrel.
चंग पर चढ़ाना -- to instigate, to puff up; to inflate (so as to veer somebody round to a particular course of action).
  • चंगा chāṅga: -- (a) healed, recovered; good, sound.
चंगा भला -- hale and hearty, in good health.
चंगा करना -- tocure, to restore to normal health.
चंगा होना -- to recover; to be restored to normal health.
  • चंगुल chāṅgul -- (nm) claw, clutch, talon; grasp.
चंगुल में पड़ना/फँसना -- to fall into the clutches (of), to be in the cruel grasp (of).
चंगुल से बचना -- to be spared from the clutches of, to get out of the clutches of.
  • चंगे/र, चंगेरी chāṅg/er, ~eri: -- (nf) a small shallow basket; a small swinging cot (for babies).
  • चंचरीक chāṇchari:k -- (nm) a buzzing bee.
  • चंचल chāṇchal -- (a) unsteady, transient; inconstant; fickle; flickering; quivering, shaking; fidgety, restless; skittish; playful; coquettish; nimble.
चंचलचित्त -- unsteady, fickle, fidgety, restless (person).
  • चंचलता chāṇchalta: -- (nf) unsteadiness; inconstancy; transience; flckleness; flicker, shakiness; restlessness, fidgetiness; skittishness; playfulness, coquettishness; nimbleness.
  • चंचला chāṇchala: -- (nf) an epithet of Lakshmi: (the goddess of wealth); lightning; (a) unsteady, fickle; transient.
  • चंचु chāṇchu -- (nf) beak; bill.
चंचुप्रवेश -- smattering knowledge (of a subject), mere elementary study.
  • चँचोरना chāchornā: -- (v) see चिचोरना.
  • चंट chāṉṭ -- (a) cunning, clever, wily.
चंटपन -- cunningness, cleverness, wiliness.
  • चंड chāṉḍ -- (a) fierce, furious; violent; powerful; hence चंडता (nf).
  • चंडाल chāṉḍa:l -- (nm) a sub-caste amongst the shu:dras taken to bethe lowest in the traditional Hinducaste hierarchy; (a) low-born; wretched, wicked, depraved; cruel.
  • चंडी chāṉḍi: -- (nf) the goddess दुर्गा; a quarrelsome defiant woman; awoman of violent nature.
  • चंडु chāṉḍu: -- (nf) an intoxicating drug made of opium.
चंडुख़ाना -- aplace of assembly for chanḍu:smokers; a rumour-manufacturingcentre.
चंडुबाज़ -- a chanḍu:-addict; rumour-monger.
चंडुख़ाने की गप -- anunfounded rumour/gossip, frivolous talk.
  • चंडूल chāṉḍu:l -- (nm) a kind of lark; an ugly repulsive person.
  • चंद chānd -- (nm) the moon; (a) a few, some.
चंदरोज़ा -- lasting only afew days; transient.
  • चंदन chāndān -- (nm) sandalwood, sanders.
चंदनसार -- sandalwood paste.
चंदनहार -- see चंद्रहार.
  • चँदराना chādra:nā: -- (v) to make enquiry with a feigned air of ignorance; to feign ignorance.
  • चंदरोज़ा chandroza: -- (a) short-lived, transient, transitory, perishable.
  • चंदा chānda: -- (nm) the moon; subscription; contribution; donation.
चंदा इकट्ठा करना -- to raise a fund by contribution/donation.
चंदा करना -- tocontribute, to subscribe.
चंदा देना -- tosubscribe, to contribute.
चंदा मामा -- moon—the maternal uncle (saidto humour the children).
चंदा सा -- asbeautiful as the moon (esp. usedfor face).
  • चँदावल chāda:val -- (nm) rear guard.
  • चँदिया chādiya: -- (nf) the cranium, the middle part of the skull; thelast small bread prepared from remaining dough (insufficient for afull-size bread).
  • चँदोवा chādova: -- (nm) a small canopy.
  • चंद्र chandr -- (nm) the moon; crescent.
चंद्रकला -- lunar crescent; a digit of the moon (sixteenth part of thecircumference).
चंद्रकांत -- moonstone.
चंद्रग्रहण -- lunar eclipse.
चंद्रबिंदु -- thenasal sign represented by a crescent with a dot over it (ँ), asdistinct from अनुस्वार represented bya dot above the top (ं).
चंद्रबिंब -- the lunar disc.
चंद्रमंडल -- the haloof the moon.
चंद्रमुखी -- a woman blessed with a moon-like face.
चंद्रलोक -- the sphere or heaven of the moon.
चंद्रवंश -- the lunar race—one of thetwo major kshatriya dynasties thatflourished in ancient India.
चंद्रवंशी -- belonging to the lunar dynasty( चन्द्रवंश).
चंद्रवदन -- blessed with a.
  • चंद्रमा chāndramā: -- (nm) the moon.
  • चंद्रिका chāndrika: -- (nf) the moon-light, moonshine.
  • चंद्रिकोत्सव chāndrikotsav -- (nm) the festival of the autumnal full moon.
  • चंद्रोदय chāndroday -- (nm) rise of the moon.
  • चंपई chāmpai: -- (a) having the tint of the champa: flower, having a yellowish white or light yellow tinge.
  • चंपक chāmpak -- (nm) see चंपा.
  • चंपत chāmpat -- (a) vanished, disappeared; absconded.
चंपत बनना/होना -- to turn tails, to take to one's heels, to run away.
  • चंपा chāmpa: -- (nm) the tree Michelia champaca and its pleasant fragrantlight yellow or yellowish whiteflower.
चंपाकली -- buds of चंपा; anecklace studded with stonesresembling buds of the champa:.
  • चंपी chāmpi: -- (nf) massage; shampoo.
चंपी करना -- to massage; to shampoo; to try to propitiate.
  • चंपु chāmpu: -- (nm) a literary composition with alternation of prose and verse.
  • चँवर chāvar -- (nm) a whisk, a flapper made of the tale of a yak—Bos grunnieus (used for flappingaway flies, etc.).
चँवर डुलाना -- to wavea चँवर to and fro (as a mark ofrespect to one who is attendedupon); to serve deferentially.
चँवरढार -- one who wields a चँवर.
  • चक chak -- (nm) a holding, plot of land; discus, a kind of a circulartoy played with a string.
चकडोरी -- the string of the toy discus; thediscus and string.
चकफेरी -- round, circumambulation.
  • चकई chakai: -- (nf) a discus-shaped whirling toy; a female ruddygoose.
  • चकती chakti: -- (nf) a patch; soapcake.
  • चकत्ता chakatta: -- (nm) rash, a blotch on the skin, any round scar ormark (on the skin); used in BrajBhasha poetry to denote themoghul Emperor Aurangzeb—adescendant of चगताई, son ofChengiz Khan.
  • चकनाचूर chaknā:chu:r -- (a) shattered (to pieces); broken into fragments; wearied; despirited.
चकनाचूर करना -- toshatter, to dash to the ground(as अरमानचकनाचूर , सपनेचकनाचूर ).
  • चकबंदी chakbāndi: -- (nf) consolidation of holdings.
  • चकमक chakmāk -- (nm) flint.
  • चकमा chakmā: -- (nm) hoodwinking, dodge; stunt; trick, trickery.
चकमा खाना -- to suffer a dodge, to betricked/hoodwinked.
चकमा देकर ऐंठ लेना -- to do one down/brown.
चकमा देना -- tododge, to play a trick, to hoodwink.
  • चकमे/बाज़ chakmēba:z -- (nm) a dodger, trickster, fraudulent person; hence चकमेबाज़ी (nf).
  • चकरा/ना chakara:nā: -- (v) to feel dizzy; to whirl, to revolve; tolose one's head/wits, to be confounded/astounded.
चकरा जाना -- to loseone's head/wits.
  • चकला chakla: -- (nm) a brotnel; pastry-board, circular wooden or stonyboard for spreading dough intoa bread.
चकलेदार -- the owner ofa brothel.
चकला चलाना -- to run/own abrothel.
  • चकल्लस chakallas -- (nm) fun, jocularity, drollery.
चकल्लसबाज़ -- one who.
  • चक/वा chakva: -- (nm) a ruddy goose.
चकवी -- a female ruddy goose.
  • चकामक chaka:chak -- (a) fully satisfied; (adv) to the full, to the fullest satisfaction; to the brim/full.
चकामक घुटना -- to prepare/have a strong doze of भाँग; to have very intimate relationship.
  • चकाचाँध chaka:chāūdh -- (nm) dazzle, dazzlement, dazzling effect; brilliance, brilliant display.
  • चकित chakit -- (a) amazed, surprised, flabbergasted, wonder-struck.
  • चकोतरा chakotra: -- (nm) a shaddock, a variety of lemon bigger than the usual size —Citrus decumana.
  • चकोर chakor -- (nm) the Indian red-legged partridge (fabled to subsist upon moon-beams and to eat embers); hence चकोरी (nf).
  • चक्कर chakkar -- (nm) circle; ring, whirl; twirl; spin; rotation; round; revolution; circumambulation; vertigo, giddiness; confusion; trick, fraud.
चक्करदार -- circuitous; round about; spiral.
चक्कर आना -- to suffer from vertigo, to feel giddy.
चक्कर काटना/लगाना -- to take rounds, torevolve, to whirl; to swirl.
चक्कर खाना -- to go round, to revolve; to take acircuitous route; to be non-plussed, to be confounded.
चक्कर चलाना -- tolaunch a tricky move.
चक्कर मारना -- towhirl round; to wander about.
चक्कर में आना/पड़ना -- to be taken in (by); tobe in a mess; to suffer harassment; to be dodged.
चक्कर में डालना -- to embroil/involve in a mess; to dodge.
  • चक्का chakka: -- (nm) a wheel; sphere; an orderly heap (of bricks, stoneslabs, etc.); chunk.
  • चक्की chakki: -- (nf) a quern; mill; grinding mill; kneepan; cake (e.g.soapcake).
चक्की का पाट -- mill-stone.
चक्की के पाटों के बीच पज़ना/पिसना -- to besandwiched between two afflictions.
चक्की पीसना -- to grind; to put in rigorouswork; to be under imprisonment.
चक्की में पिसना -- to be constantly inharness.
  • चक्र chakkr -- (nm) a wheel; cycle; circle; disc, discus; discus-shapedmissile.
चक्रगति -- circular motion.
चक्रण -- spin(ning).
चक्रधर -- armed with adiscus-shaped missile; an epithetof Lord Vishṉū.
चक्रवर्ती -- universal; (an emperor) ruling over a vastempire.
चक्रवात -- a whirlwind, cyclone.
चक्रवृद्धि -- compound (interest).
चक्रव्यूह -- a circular array oftroops; impregnable battle-array(as practised in ancient Indianmilitary strategy).
चक्र चलाना -- see चक्कर (चक्र चलाना).
  • चक्रवाक chakrava:k -- (nm) see चकवा.
  • चक्राकार chakkra:ka:r -- (a) circular; wheel-shaped.
  • चक्रीय chakkri:y -- (a) rotational, whirling, circular.
  • चक्षु chakshu -- (nm) an eye.
चक्षुगोचर -- visible, perceptible; tangible.
चक्षुरिन्द्रिय -- the eye—organ of seeing.
चक्षु विषय -- the object of vision, visibleobject.
चक्षुश्रवा -- a snake.
  • चख़ chaḳḥ -- (nf) altercation, noisy dispute.
चख़चख -- verbal altercation; chatter, noisy exchanges, discordant discussion.
चख़चख करना/मचाना -- tocreate a row/havoc, to cause analtercation, to enter into a heateddiscussion.
  • चखना chakhnā: -- (v) to taste, to relish.
  • चचा chacha: -- (nm) paternal uncle.
चचाज़ाद -- born of paternal uncle.
चचा होना -- to excel, to surpass (incleverness, tricks, etc.), to beahead of.
  • चचिया chachiya: -- (a) pertaining to or related with paternal uncle (e.g. चचिया ससुर uncle-in-law.
चचिया सास -- aunt-in-law).
  • चचेरा chachera: -- (a) of, pertaining to, or related with, paternal uncle.
चचेरा भाई -- first cousin (brother).
चचेरा चचेरी बहन -- first cousin (sister).
  • चचोड़ना chachoṛnā: -- (v) see चिचोरना.
  • चट chaṭ -- (adv) instantly, instantaneously, at once; (nf) snap/snapping; crack, breaking or cracking sound.
चटचट -- repeated cracking/snapping sounds.
चटपट -- very promptly, immediately, with utmosturgency.
चटशाला -- a nursery school.
चटसार -- a nursery school.
चट से -- instantly, instantaneously.
चट कर जाना -- to polish off, to consume hurriedlyand entirely.
चट मँगनी पट ब्याह -- topropose this moment, to marry thevery next; to implement a proposal without delay.
  • चटक chaṭak -- (nf) glitter, splendour, brilliance; agility; crack; sprain; asparrow; (a) bright, brilliant, loud (colour).
चटकदार -- brilliant; gaudy, loud.
चटक मटक -- gaud/gaudiness; coquetry; ornamentation, glitter.
  • चटकना chaṭaknā: -- (v) to crack, to crackle, to produce a snapping/cracking sound; to crack with areport; to burst or open (as a bud); to cause to snap.
  • चटकना chaṭkanī: -- (nf) see चटखनी.
  • चटकाना chaṭka:nā: -- (v) to snap; to cause to crack or crackle.
  • चटकारा chaṭka:ra: -- (nm) see चटख़ारा.
  • चटकीला chaṭki:la: -- (a) brilliant, bright; loud, glittering; gaudy; hence चटकीलापन (nm).
  • चटखनी chaṭkhanī: -- (nf) a latch, bolt, tower bolt.
  • चटखा/रा chaṭḳḥa:ra: -- (nm) a clack of the tongue with the palate (expressive of relishing experience).
चटखारे भरना/लेना -- to express relishingof or desire for (delicious food ortalk etc.).
  • चटचटाना chaṭchaṭa:nā: -- (v) to produce a cracking or snapping sound; to burn with a crackling noise.
  • चटनी chaṭnī: -- (nf) sauce indigenous sauce.
चटनी करना/बनाना -- to transforminto pulp, to beat up thoroughly.
  • चटप/टा chaṭpaṭa: -- (a) pungent, spicy.
चटपटापन -- pungency spiciness; hence चटपटी (fem. form).
चटपटापन बातें -- spicytalk.
  • चटाई chaṭa:i: -- (nf) a mat; the act or process of licking.
चटाई नाप -- two-dimensional measurement.
  • चटाक chaṭa:k -- (nm) a crackling sound (comparatively louder and morelasting than चट); smack.
चटाक पटाक -- promptly, swiftly.
  • चटाका chaṭa:ka: -- (nm) a smack, crackling report.
  • चटाचट chaṭa:chaṭ -- (nf) a repeated crackle or smack; (adv) with arepeated crackling or smackingreport.
  • चटाना chaṭa:nā: -- (v) to cause to lick; to bribe.
चटाना , धूल -- to throw aground, to fell.
चटाना , रुपया -- to bribe, to givemonetary gratification.
  • चटियल chaṭiyal -- (a) bare, barren.
  • चटुल chaṭul -- (a) fickle, unsteady; flippant, swift moving; hence चटुलता( nf).
  • चटोर/चटोरा chaṭor/chaṭora: -- (a) gastroume, greedy of delicious dishes.
चटोरपन -- gastroumy, greediness fordelicious dishes.
  • चट्टान chaṭṭā:n -- (nf) a rock, cliff.
चट्टान की तरह -- solid like a rock, firm and resolute.
  • चट्टा-बट्टा chaṭṭa:-baṭṭa: -- (nm) a set of toys or other implements (in a.
  • चट्टी chaṭṭi: -- (nf) slipper(s); loss, damage; a halting place (esp. on hilly-routes).
चट्टी देना -- to inflict aloss/damage.
चट्टी लगना -- to suffer aloss/damage.
  • चड्डी chaḍḍi: -- (nf) a scanty under-wear (esp. for children); ride; back-ride.
चड्डी गाँठना -- to have a back-ride.
चड्डी लेना -- to have a ride; to ride onthe back (of).
  • चढ़त chaṛḥat -- (nf) offering(s) to a deity, priest, etc.
  • चढ़ता chaṛḥta: -- (a) rising; growing; increasing; blooming; hence चढ़ती( fem. form).
चढ़ता चढ़ती जवानी में -- inthe flower of one's age, in theprime of youth.
चढ़ता चढ़ते सूर्य कोनमस्कार/प्रणाम करना -- see चढ़ना.
  • चढ़/ना chaṛḥnā: -- (v) to go up; to ascend; to be ascendant; to climb; to rise; to mount; to ride; to beoffered (to a deity etc.); to launchan attack, to charge; to be recorded; to take possession of (as by anevil spirit); to be placed on fire forcooking; to be in spate, to be ina tide; to increase, to be on theincrease; to be covered by something; (said of a man) to enterinto sexual union, to overpowerinto sexual act.
चढ़ उतर कर बातकरना -- to make a harsh and unwelcome utterance, to talkarrogantly.
चढ़ कर -- superior, excelling.
चढ़ते सूर्य को नमस्कार/प्रणाम करना -- to climb on the bandwagon, tobow to the rising sun, to striveto be on the winning side.
चढ़ दौड़ना -- to launch an invasion, tocharge.
चढ़ बनना -- to have a run ofgood luck, to enjoy a lucky spell.
चढ़ बैठना -- to ride on; to overpower; to trample down.
  • चढ़ाई chaṛḥa:i: -- (nf) ascent, bank, climb; rise; invasion.
चढ़ाई करना -- toinvade; to climb (an ascent).
  • चढ़ा-उतरी chaṛḥa:utri: -- (nf) fluctuation, repeated ascents and descents.
  • चढ़ा-उपरी chaṛḥa:u:pari: -- (nf) see चढ़ा-चढ़ी.
  • चढ़ा-चढ़ी chaṛḥa:chaṛḥi: -- (nf) (spirit of) rivalry, competitive bid(ding).
  • चढ़ाना chaṛḥa:nā: -- (v) to cause to go up or rise; to offer; to put on; tomount; to record; to place on firefor cooking; to cover; to load; tobrace; to tighten; to string (abow); to anoint, to apply a pasteor liquid (on the body); to fix (abayonet); to drink off/up; to provoke/incite; to puff up (throughexaggerated praise); to inject, toinfuse.
  • चढ़ाव chaṛḥa:w -- (nm) ascent, acclivity; rise (in prices, etc.); ornamentalgift for the bride (from the bride-groom's side); upstream; swelling(of a river, etc.).
  • चढ़ावा chaṛḥa:wa: -- (nm) oblation, offering (to a deity, etc.), ornamental gift presented to the bride(from the bridegroom's side).
  • चतुर chatur -- (a) clever, shrewd; wise; skilful, skilled.
चतुरता/पन -- cleverness, shrewdness; wisdom; skill.
  • चतुराई chatura:i: -- (nf) cleverness; wisdom; skill, dexterity.
  • चतु/र् chatur -- used as the first member of Sanskrit compoundwords being an allomorph of चतुः, meaning four.
चतुरंग -- quadripartite, consisting of four members orparts.
चतुरंगिणी -- quadripartite, comprised of four members or parts; (used esp. to denote an army comprised of four arms or departments, viz; elephants, cavalry.
  • चतु/ष् chatush -- an allomorph of चतुः used as the first member of Sanskrit compound words meaning four.
चतुष्कोण -- four-cornered; a quadrangle.
चतुष्कोणीय -- quadrangular.
चतुष्पथ -- a road-crossing.
चतुष्पद/ष्पाद -- four-footed; a quadruped.
  • चतुष्टय chatushṭay -- (nm) an aggregate of four (things, persons, etc.).
  • चतु/स् chatus -- used as the first member of Sanskirt compoundwords being an allomorph of चतुः —meaning four.
चतुस्सूत्री -- four-point(ed); four-stringed.
  • चद्दर chaddar -- (nf) see चादर.
  • चनकाटा chankaṭa: -- (nm) a slap.
  • चना chanā: -- (nm) gram.
चना-चबैना -- parched gram and allied grains; poor people's diet.
  • चनार chana:r -- (nm) a kind of tall beautiful tree (generally found in the hills).
  • चपकन chapkān -- (nm) a peculiar long tight coat.
  • चपटा chapṭa: -- (a) flat.
चपटापन -- flatness.
  • चपटी chapṭi: -- (nf) homosexual act between two females.
  • चपड़-चपड़ chapaṛ:chapaṛ -- (nf) lap, offensive sound made during chewing; tattle, unavailing and unending prattle.
चपड़-चपड़ करना -- to continue to prattle.
  • चपड़ा chapṛa: -- (nm) shellac.
  • चपत chapat -- (nm) a slap; (nf) loss; damage.
चपत झाड़ना -- to slap.
चपत देना/लगाना -- to inflict a loss; to damage; to slap.
चपत पड़ना/बैठना/लगना -- to beslapped; to sustain a loss/damage.
चपत रसीद करना -- to (give a) slap.
  • चपती chapti: -- (nf) a fillet.
  • चपनी chapnī: -- (nf) a knee-cap.
  • चपरकनाती chapārkana:ti: -- (a) stupid; foolish; of no consequence; (nm) a riff-raff.
  • चपरगट्टू chaparagaṭṭu: -- (a and nm) (a) blockhead, duffer, nincompoop.
  • चपरास chapra:s -- (nf) a breast plate; a plate worn on belt (as a mark of office) by peons etc.; (in wrestling) a violent stroke of the left foot on the right of the adversary and vice-versa.
  • चपरासी chapra:si: -- (nm) a peon.
चपरासीगीरी -- a peon's function or office.
  • चपल chapal -- (a) unsteady; wavering.
  • चपलता chapalta: -- (nf) unsteadiness; flippancy; tremulousness, restlessness; quickness; nimbleness.
  • चपला chapla: -- (nf) the goddess of wealth—Lakshmi:; lightning; (a) feminine form of चपल (sec).
  • चपाती chapa:ti: -- (nf) a thin bread of the Indian style.
  • चपेट chapeṭ -- (nf) striking range; stroke (of misfortune etc.); involvement; a sudden involvingblow or accident.
चपेट में आना -- to beembroiled in a blow or accident; to sustain injury/loss; to be struck.
चपेट लगना -- to sustain injury or loss, to get embroiled in an accidentor a blow, to suffer a stroke.
  • चपेटा chapeṭa: -- (nm) see चपेट.
  • चप्पल chappal -- (nf) slipper(s) (open at the front), sandal.
  • चप्पा chappa: -- (nm) a hand-breadth, a measure of four fingers; a span, small piece of land.
चप्पा चप्पा -- everyspan of land, every inch of ground; every nook and corner.
चप्पा छान मारना -- to make a thoroughsearch, to scan every inch of land, to search every nook and corner.
  • चप्पू chappu: -- (nm) an oar.
  • चबाई chaba:i: -- (nm) a backbiter.
  • चबाना chaba:nā: -- (v) to chew; to munch; to masticate.
चबा-चबाकर बोलना -- (to speak) haltingly and witha munching action.
  • चबा/उ, चबाव chaba:u, ~w -- (nm) back-biting.
चबा चिट्ठा -- systematic andfrequent backbiting, indulgencein the act of talking ill of others.
  • चबूतरा chabu:tra: -- (nm) a raised platform; stoop.
  • चबेबैना chabeainā: -- (nm) miscellaneous parched grains (mixed together).
  • चमक chamāk -- (nf) flash; brilliance, lustre, shine; gloss; glare; radiance; a localised flash of pain.
चमक दमक -- glitter; brilliance; pomp and show.
चमकदार -- shining, brilliant, glittering, glossy.
चमक उठना -- to shine forth; tocut a dash, to make a brilliantshow; to be provoked all of asudden, to flare up.
  • चमकना chamāknā: -- (v) to shine, to glitter, to sparkle; to flash; to flare, to flare up, to get angry; to havea localised flash of pain.
  • चमकीला chamki:la: -- (a) shining, glossy; radiant, brilliant, bright; lustrous, luminous; hence चमकीलापन (nm).
  • चमगादड़ chamga:daṛ -- (nm) a bat; vampire; (fig.) one who managesto keep in two opposite camps.
  • चमचमाना chamchamā:nā: -- (v) to shine, to glitter, to be glossy; tosparkle.
  • चमचा chamcha: -- (nm) a large spoon; flunkey, flatterer.
चमचागीरी -- cheapflattery, sycophancy.
  • चमटी chamṭi: -- (nf) a guide stick.
  • चम/ड़ा chamṛa: -- (nm) leather; hide; skin.
चमड़ा कमाना -- to tan, to cure.
चमड़े का सिक्का -- a false coin, worthless article.
  • चमड़ी chamṛi: -- (nf) skin.
चमड़ी उधेड़ना -- to beat bare; to flay, to skin.
चमड़ी जायेपर दमड़ी न जाये -- to suffer a flaying, to save a penny; to be excessivelystingy.
चमड़ी का, मोटी -- thick-skinned.
चमड़ी , गोरी -- fair-complexioned.
चमड़ी पर मरना -- to fall for external beauty.
  • चमत्का/र chamatka:r -- (nm) a marvel, miracle; wonder; thaumaturgy; spectacle.
चमत्कारिक -- thaumaturgic, marvellous, miraculous; spectacular; hence चमत्कारिकता.
चमत्कारी -- miracuious; one who performs miracles, a thaumaturge.
  • चमत्कृ/त chamatkrit -- (a) ast ounded.
  • चमन chamān -- (nm) a small garden; parterre, bed of a garden; a placefull of life and luxury.
  • चमरी chamri: -- (nf) a chumrey; a yak (mas. चमर); see चँवर.
  • चमरौधा chamraudha: -- (nm) an indigenous type of sturdy shoe.
  • चमाचम chamā:chām -- (adv) with a shine/gloss, brilliantly, brightly.
  • चमा/र chamā:r -- (nm) a cobbler, shoe-maker; a scheduled casteamongst the Hindus traditionallyliving by shoe-making; a lowlyperson.
चमारिन/री -- feminine form of चमार.
  • चमु chamū: -- (nf) a division of an army.
चमुनायक/पति -- an army-commander, a general.
  • चमेली chameli: -- (nf) (a kind of) jasmine (plant and its flower).
चमेली का तेल -- jasmine oil.
  • चम्मच chammāch -- (nm) a spoon.
  • चयन chayān -- (nm) selection; picking up; compiling.
चयन समिति -- selectioncommittee.
  • चयनिका chayanika: -- (nf) an anthology, a selection/collection of choicest or representative writings.
  • चर char -- (nm) a spy, secret messenger, emissary; a variable; (a) moving; unsteady; variable; hence चरता see चरता.
  • चरकटा charkaṭa: -- (nm) a chaff-cutter; riff-raff, an insignificant person.
  • चरका charka: -- (nm) fraud, swindle, rigging.
चरका खाना -- to be swindled/defrauded.
चरका देना -- to defraud, toswindle.
चरका लगना -- to be defrauded/swindled.
  • चरख charakh -- (nm) a large revolving wheel.
  • चरखा charkha: -- (nm) a spinning wheel; hyena.
  • चरखी charkhi: -- (nf) a reel, spool; pulley; sheave; see चरख; tourbillion, revolving firework; a catherine wheel.
  • चरचराना charchara:nā: -- (v) to crackle, to make a sputtering noise; toproduce a painful sensation as bythe drying up of a wound.
  • चरचराहट charchara:haṭ -- (nf) crackle; sputtering noise; painful sensationas by the drying up of a wound.
  • चरण charāṉ -- (nm) a foot (also of a verse); step; quarter; phase.
चरण-कमल/पद्म -- lotus-like feet.
चरण-चिन्ह -- footprint.
चरणतल -- sole of the foot.
चरणधूलि/चरणरज -- dust of the feet (of); to be nomatch to, to be too inferior forcomparison.
चरण-सुश्रूषा/सेवा -- obsequiousattendance; reverential service.
चरणसेवी -- an obsequious attendant; one who renders reverentialservice.
चरण चाँपना/चूमना -- to press/lickthe feet of, to be extremely servile/submissive, to keep on flattering.
चरण छूना -- to touch one's feet(as a traditional mark of respect).
चरण धोकर पीना -- to be very reverentialand respectful.
चरणों में अर्पितकरना/चढ़ाना -- to make a respectfuloffering to; to surrender withdeference.
  • चरणामृत charṉā:mmrit -- (nm) foot ambrosia, the water in which theidol of a deity has been bathed orthe feet of a revered person havebeen washed (considered to be asacred drink).
  • चरणोदक charṉodak -- (nm) see चरणामृत.
  • चरता charta: -- (nf) variability; unsteadiness; mobility; (a) grazing.
  • चरना charnā: -- (v) to graze.
  • चरपरा charpara: -- (a) piquant; hot.
  • चरबा charba: -- (nm) tracing paper; copy, sketch.
  • चरबी charbi: -- (nf) fat, fats and oils; grease; tallow.
चरबीदार -- greasy; fatty.
चरबी चढ़ना -- to grow fat; to becomearrogant.
चरबी छाना, आँखो में, -- to growmad with passion, to be neglectful(on account of arrogance, carelessness, etc.) of others.
  • चरम charām -- (a) absolute; ultimate; last, final; extreme.
चरम लक्ष्य -- ultimate aim.
चरम सीमा -- extreme; extremelimit.
  • चरमर charmar -- (nf) a creaking sound (as of new boots); squeak.
  • चरमराना charmara:nā: -- (v) to creak; to squeak.
  • चरमराहट charmara:haṭ -- (nf) a creaking or squeaking sound; creak; squeak.
  • चरवाहा charva:ha: -- (nm) a herdsman, grazier.
  • चरस charas -- (nm) an intoxicating drug prepared from the flowersof hemp; a huge leather bucket.
  • चरसा charsa: -- (nm) a huge leather bucket.
  • चराई chara:i: -- (nf) grazing, pasturage; the rent or wages paid for grazing (one's cow, buffalo, etc).
  • चरागाह chara:ga:h -- (nm) pasture, pasture land, meadow, graziery.
  • चराचर chara:char -- (a) movable and immovable, animate and inanimate; (nm) the entire creation.
  • चराना chara:nā: -- (v) to (cause to) graze; to befool, to hoodwink.
  • चरित charit -- (nm) biography; doings, goings.
चरितकर/चरित-लेखक -- a biographer.
चरित-नायक -- the hero or the maincharacter (of a literary work).
चरित-रुपक -- biographical feature.
  • चरितार्थ charita:rth -- (a) validated/vindicated; proven correct; gratified.
चरितार्थ होना -- to attain one's object or end; to prove valid, to bevindicated; to aquire a meaning.
  • चरीतार्थता charita:rthata: -- (nf) significance, meaningfulness; fulfilment, success; validity.
  • चरितावली charita:vali: -- (nf) a collection of biographies; biography.
  • चरित्र charitr -- (nm) character.
चरित्र-चित्रण/निर्माण -- characterisation, portrayal.
चरित्र-दोष -- flaws of character.
चरित्रवान -- (a man) of sound character.
चरित्र-हत्या -- character assassination.
चरित्रहीन -- profligate, deprave, characterless.
  • चरित्रांकन charitrā:ṅkān -- (nm) characterisation; portrayal, delineation.
  • चरी chari: -- (nf) green plants used for cattle-fodder; graziery.
  • चर्ख charḳḥ -- (nm) see चरख.
  • चर्ख़ा charḳḥa: -- (nm) see चरखा.
  • चर्ख़ी charḳḥi: -- (nf) see चरखी.
  • चर्च charch -- (nm) a church.
  • चर्चक charchak -- (nm) one who mentions or discusses.
  • चर्चा charcha: -- (nf) mention; discussion; rumour.
चर्चा होना -- to take air, to be talked about.
  • चर्चित charchit -- (a) discussed; mentioned; smeared, anointed.
  • चर्बी charbi: -- (nf) see चरबी.
  • चर्म charm -- (nm) leather; skin; hide.
चर्मकार -- a cobbler; shoe-maker; tanner.
चर्ममय -- leathery, coraceous.
  • चर्या charya: -- (nf) routine; goings, conduct; performance (of ritesand ceremonies).
  • चर्राना charra:nā: -- (v) to crack/creak/crackle; to make a cracking/creaking/crackling sound; to smart on account of tension (asof skin); to have an intense urge(esp. in शौकचर्राना ).
  • चर्व/ण charvāṉ -- (nm) masticating, masticational chewing; relishing; also चर्वणा (nf).
  • चर्वित charvit -- (a) masticated, chewed.
चर्वित-चर्वण -- chewing the chewed; tedious reiteration.
  • चल chal -- (a) unsteady; transient; inconstant; variable; movable, mobile (as पुस्तकालय).
चल अर्थ -- currency.
चल-चलाव -- the verge of departure/death.
चलचित्त -- fickle-minded, unsteady.
चलचित्र -- a movie; motion picture, cinema, cinematograph.
चल-विचल -- unsteady, inconstant.
चल संपत्ति -- movable property.
  • चलता chalata: -- (nm) mobility; unsteadiness; (a) mobile, moving; current, in use; flourishing (as चलती दुकान); cursory (e.g. चलती निगाह); cunning, clever; workable; temporary; light (as चलती चीज़).
चलता खाता -- current account.
चलता पुरज़ा -- cunning; clever.
चलता-फिरता -- mobile.
चलता सिक्का -- a current coin.
चलता करना -- todispose of; to tell off, to sendaway.
चलता फिरना नज़र आना -- tobe making a move, to be moving off.
चलता बनना -- to turn tails; to slipaway.
चलती का नाम गाड़ी -- nothingsucceeds like success.
चलती रक़म -- a clever/cunning fellow.
चलती सीढ़ी -- excalator.
चलते -- usage typicalto the Biharis—because of, dueto, owing to.
चलते चलते -- incidentally, casually, in passing.
चलते-चलाते -- by the way, without priordeliberation.
  • चलताऊ chalta:u: -- (a) workable; serviceable; casual/temporary; about to go or depart; moribund.
चलताऊ डेरा -- being on the verge of death ordeparture.
  • चलतू chaltu: -- (a) workable, temporary.
  • चलन chalān -- (nm) vogue; usage; custom; conduct.
चलन कलन -- Differential Calculus.
चलन समीकरण -- differential equation.
चलनसार -- durable; current.
  • चलना chalnā: -- (v) to walk; to move, to proceed; to be in vogue/use/currency; to last; to flow; to beinitiated/started (as बातचलना-), to bepressed into; used (as लाठीचलना ); toblow (as हवाचलना ); to be thrown (as तीरचलना ); to be effective; to go off (as बंदुकचलना ); to be operated (as मशीनचलना ); to be filed (as मुक़दमाचलना ); to pass(as सिक्काचलना ).
चल निकलना -- to beconsolidated; to get going, tomake a progress; to flourish.
चल पड़ना (काम आदि) -- to catch on.
चल बसना -- to pass away, to expire.
चलते घोड़े को एड़ लगाना -- to spur awilling horse.
  • चलनी chalnī: -- (nf) a sieve; (a) durable.
  • चलाऊ chala:u: -- (a) durable, lasting.
  • चलाचल chala:chal -- (a) mobile and immobile; movable and immovable; transient.
चलाचल संपत्ति -- movable andimmovable property.
  • चलाचली chala:chali: -- (nf) (verge of) departure; time of departure; readiness for departure.
  • चलाना chala:nā: -- (v) to cause to walk; to move; to drive; to guile, to pass (as सिक्काचलाना ); to operate(as मशीनचलाना ); to manipulate (as क्रेनचलाना ); to initiate (as चर्चाचलाना ); tothrow/fire (as गोला, गोलीचलाना ); to file(as मुक़दमाचलाना ).
  • चलायमान chala:ymā:n -- (a) moving; fickle, wavering; unsteady.
  • चलार्थ chala:rth -- (nm) currency.
  • चलित chalit -- (a) moved, wavered, unsteady.
  • चवन्नी chavannī: -- (nf) a twenty-five paisa (four anna) coin.
चवन्नीवाले -- low-class prople.
  • चवर्ग chavarg -- (nm) the 'cha' pentad.
  • चवालीस chava:li:s -- (a) forty-four; (nm) the number forty-four.
  • चश्म chashm -- (nf) an eye.
चश्मदीद -- witnessed; seen.
चश्मदीद गवाह -- an eye-witness.
चश्मपोशी -- connivance.
चश्म-ए-बद -- evil eye; malicious glance.
चश्म-ए-बद दूर -- may not an evil glance be castupon you !, avaunt maliciousglances !.
  • चश्मा chashmā: -- (nm) spectacles, glasses; fountain, spring.
चश्मा धूप का/चश्मा , धूपी -- goggles.
चश्मा , रंगीन -- coloured glasses.
  • चसका chaska: -- (nm) proclivity, addiction; compelling habituation.
चसका , पड़ना/लगना -- (used in denunciatory sense) to get addicted/habituated/used to (some degenerating habit), to develop an irresistible proclivity for.
  • चस्पाँ chaspā: -- (a) affixed, stuck; fitting; applicable.
  • चहक chehak -- (nf) chirping, warbling.
  • चहकना chehaknā: -- (v) to chirp, to warble; to be merrily talkative.
  • चहकार chehka:r -- (nf) see चहक.
  • चहचहाना chehcheha:nā: -- (v) to chirp, to warble.
  • चहबच्चा chahbachcha: -- (nm) a catch-pit; subterranean store-pit.
  • चहलक़दमी chehalqadmī: -- (nf) stroll, leisurely walk, ramble.
  • चहल-पहल chehalpehal -- (nf) hustle and bustle; commotion; gaiety, merriment.
  • चहारदीवारी chaha:rdi:va:ri: -- (nf) the four-walls, boundary.
  • चहेता chaheta: -- (a) beloved; favourite.
  • चांचल्य chā:ṇchally -- (nm) see चंचलता.
  • चाँटा chāṭa: -- (nm) a slap.
चाँटा जड़ना/देना/लगाना/रसीद करना -- to (give a) slap.
  • चांडाल chā:ṉḍa:l -- (nm) see चंडाल.
चांडाल चौकड़ी -- a swindling/nuisance making quartet/foursome.
  • चाँद chā:d -- (nm) the moon; the bull's eye; (nf) the crown (of); the head.
चाँदतारा -- a kind of fine muslin; akite bearing the figures of thecrescent aud the star.
चाँदमारी -- shooting practice; range.
चाँदमारी का मैदान -- shooting range.
चाँद का टुकड़ा -- abeauty.
चाँद को गहन (ग्रहन) लगना -- tohave a blot in a beauty.
चाँद गंजी करना -- to boot to baldness, tothrash bald.
चाँद गंजी होना -- to becomebald-headed.
चाँद पर थूकना/धूल उड़ाना -- to slander the unassailable (andhave one's own image sullied).
चाँद में भी दाग़ है -- every bean has itsblack, no one is without hisfaults.
चाँद-सा मुखड़ा -- a face as lovelyas the moon, lovely face.
  • चाँदना chād:nā: -- (nm) light.
चाँदना होना -- to have light, to be lighted; todawn, to have the day-break.
  • चाँदनी chādnī: -- (nf) the moonlight; a large white sheet of cloth; bedsheet, canopy.
चाँदनी खिलना/छिटकना -- moonlight to spread all over.
  • चाँदा chāda: -- (nm) a protractor.
  • चाँदी chādi: -- (nf) silver.
चाँदी कटना -- to be minting money.
चाँदी का जूता/की जूती -- monetary temptation; bribe.
चाँदी के टुकड़े -- rupee coins; money ingeneral.
चाँदी के दिन -- pleasant/delightfuldays.
चाँदी बनाना -- to mint money, toearn fabulously.
चाँदी होना -- to havefabulous earnings; to have allround gains.
  • चांद्र cha:ndr -- (a) lunar, pertaining to the moon.
चांद्र मास -- lunar month.
चांद्र वत्सर/वर्ष -- lunar year.
  • चांद्रायण cha:ndra:yaṉ -- (nm) a typical fast observed by the Hindus and related to the waning andwaxing of the moon.
  • चाँपना chā:pnā: -- (v) to press.
  • चाक cha:k -- (nm) chalk; the potter's wheel; (a) torn; split.
चाक करना -- totear apart.
  • चाक़-चौबंद cha:q-chaubānd -- (a) smart; alert and agile.
  • चाकर cha:kar -- (nm) a servant; menial atten ant.
  • चाकरी cha:kri: -- (nf) service, attendance.
चाकरी करना -- to fetch and carry.
चाकरी बजाना -- to be in servile attendace.
  • चाक़ू cha:qu: -- (nm) a knife.
चाक़ू घोंपना/भोंकना -- to stab with a knife.
  • चाक्षुष cha:kshush -- (a) visual, pertaining to the eye.
  • चाखना cha:khnā: -- (v) to taste, to relish.
  • चा/चा cha:cha: -- (nm) paternal uncle.
चाची -- paternal uncle's wife, aunt.
  • चाट cha:ṭ -- (nf) a spicy preparation of cut fruits, vegetables, etc.; habit, compelling habituation, irresistibile proclivity.
चाट पड़ना/लगना -- see चसका पड़ना/लगना.
  • चाटना cha:ṭnā: -- (v) to lick.
चाट जाना -- to consume the whole, to polish.off; to be inflicted by.
चाट , धूप का -- tobe sun-struck.
  • चाटु cha:ṭu -- (nm) flattery, adulation, false praise.
  • चाटु/कार cha:tuka:r -- (a) a flatterer, sycophant; adulator.
चाटुकारिता, चाटुकारी -- flattery, sycophancy, adulation.
  • चाटूक्ति cha:ṭu:kti -- (nf) a flattering statement, flattery.
  • चातक cha:tak -- (nm) an Indian bird —Cuculus melanoleucus.
  • चातूरी cha:turi: -- (nf) cleverness, ingeniousness, tact; dexterity.
  • चातुर्मा/स, चातुर्मासिक cha:turmā:s, ~sik -- (a and nm) pertaining to the rainyseason; the rainy season; comprised of four months; also चातुर्मास्य( nm).
  • चातुर्य cha:tury -- (nm) cleverness, ingeniousness, tact; dexterity.
  • चातुर्वण्र्य cha:turvarṉy -- (a) pertaining to the four castes as prescribedunder the ancient Indian socialsystem (viz. ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य, शूद्र).
चातुर्वण्र्य व्यवस्था -- the (four) caste-system (aspractised in the Indian tradition.
  • चादर cha:dar -- (nf) a sheet; plate; bedsheet, bed-cover; cover-let; anupper cover garment used bywomen.
चादरबंदी -- sheeting.
चादर उतारना -- to expose, to put to shame.
चादर ओढ़ाना/डालना -- to have a widowas wife.
चादर के बाहर (पाँव फैलाना) -- togo beyond one's means.
चादर तानकर सोना -- to have a carefree sleep.
चादर देखकर पाँव फैलाना -- to cut one'scoat according to the cloth.
चादर फैलाना -- to send the cap/hat round.
  • चादरा cha:dra: -- (nm) a coverlet, an overall clothes-covering sheet(used by women).
  • चाप cha:p -- (nf) are; pressure; a bow; (foot) sound/blow.
  • चापलूस cha:plu:s -- (a) flattering, sycophantic, adulatoring.
  • चापलूसी cha:plu:si: -- (nf) flattery, sycophancy, adulation.
चापलूसी करना -- to butter up.
चापलूसी से काम निकालना -- tocoax thing out of a person, tocoax fire to light, to coax key into lock.
  • चापल्य cha:pally -- (nm) see चपलता.
  • चाबना cha:bnā: -- (v) see चबाना.
  • चाबी cha:bi: -- (nf) a key; spline.
चाबी घुमाना -- to tutor, to make some body dance to one's tune.
चाबी देना -- to wind (a watch etc.).
चाबी हाथ मेंहोना -- to be under the sway of, to bedominated by.
  • चाबुक cha:buk -- (nm) a whip, flog, lash.
चाबुकसवार -- an ace horse-rider; a horse-trainer.
चाबुक घुमाना -- to threatto flog.
  • चाभी cha:bhi: -- (nf) see चाबी.
  • चाम chā:m -- (nm) skin; hide.
चाम के दाम -- lit. a leather coin—meaning acoin having no worth; earningsthrough immoral traffic in women.
  • चाय cha:y -- (nf) tea.
चायघर -- a tea-house, canteen.
चायदानी -- a tea-pot.
चाय-पानी -- breakfast; tea; tea and snacks, light refreshment.
चाय पर बुलाना -- toinvite for tea.
  • चार cha:r -- (a) four; several, a few; (nm) the number four; spying.
चारकर्म -- spying; intelligence work.
चारख़ाना -- chequered cloth.
चारदीवार -- fence walls, four walls.
चारदीवारी -- boundary, four walls.
चार धाम -- see चतुर्धाम under चतुर्.
चार पदार्थ -- the fourachievements for which manaspires (viz. धर्म, अर्थ, काम, मोक्ष).
चार अक्षर पढ़ना -- to gain smattering Knowledge, to learn a modicum of (something).
चार आँखें करना -- toexchange glances, to meet eyewith eye; to come face to face.
चार आँखे होना -- to be face to face, tosee each other.
चार आदमी -- people ingeneral; representatives of the community.
चार क़दम -- a short distance.
चार क़दम आगे होना -- to be superior to, to excel, to be more than amatch; to be ahead of.
चार के कंध/कंधों पर चढ़ना -- to be taken in acoffin, to perform the last journey.
चार के कान पड़ना -- to become public, to become known.
चार चाँद लगना -- tohave a feather added to one'scap; to become more charmingthan ever.
चार दिन का -- short-lived, transient.
चार दिन का मेहमान -- having afleeting existence, faced withimminent death, destined to dieshortly.
चार दिन की चाँदनी -- a fleetingexistence; a nine days' wonder, alimited period of merry-making.
चार पैसे कमाना -- to make someearning.
चारों ओर अँधेरा -- badto be the best.
चारों ख़ाने चित्तगिरना -- lit. to fall at full stretch—to be beaten all ends up; tobe thoroughly vanquished; to be down and out; to set one'sfoot on the neck of; to lose one'swits.
चारों चूल बराबर -- all square; fit all round.
चारों फुटना -- to suffertotal blindness; to lose one'smental as well as physical vision.
  • चारण cha:rāṉ -- (nm) a wandering minstrel, bard; grazing; a sub-casteof Ra:jastha:n Bra:hmaṉs.
चारण काव्य -- bardic poetry.
  • चारपाई cha:rpa:i: -- (nf) a bedstead, bed, cot.
चारपाई पकड़ लेना -- to be bed-ridden, to be confined to bed.
चारपाई पर पड़ना -- to be confined to bed, to betaken ill.
चारपाई सेना -- to suffer a prolonged illness, to be bed-riddenfor long.
चारपाई से लगना -- to be reducedto a skeleton.
  • चार सौ बी/स cha:r sau bi:s -- (a) fraudulent; deceitful; (nm) a fraud, forgerer.
चारसी -- fraud, forgery; criminal deception.
  • चारा cha:ra: -- (nm) fodder, forage, feed; bait, lure; remedy; means.
चारा और भूसा -- fodder and forage.
चारा डालना/फेंकना -- to bait, to enticethrough temptation.
चारा न होना, और कोई -- to have no other way out.
  • चाराजोई cha:ra joi: -- (nf) measures, proceedings.
चाराजोई , क़ानूनी -- legal measures/proceedings.
  • चारित्र्य cha:rittry -- (nm) character.
चारित्र्यहीन -- having no character, characterless, depraved; hence चारित्र्यहीनता( nf).
  • चारी cha:ri: -- used as a suffix meaning 'faring', 'going' (e.g. समुद्रचारी seafaring); (nf) a dance posture, gesture.
  • चारु cha:ru -- (a) beautiful, appealing.
  • चार्ज cha:rj -- (nm) a charge.
चार्जशीट -- a charge-sheet.
चार्ज करना -- to charge (inelectricity).
चार्ज देना -- to hand overcharge.
चार्ज लेना -- to take charge.
  • चार्ट cha:rṭ -- (nm) a chart.
  • चार्टर cha:rṭar -- (nm) a charter.
  • चाल cha:l -- (nf) gait; speed; march; motion; movement; move; trick; device; custom; a huge buildinginhabited by a large number oftenant families.
चाल-चलन -- conduct.
चाल-ढाल -- ways, bearing, demeanour.
चालबाज़ -- crafty, cunning, tricky; atrickster.
चालबाज़ी -- craftiness; cunningness; trickery.
चाल चलना -- to playa trick; to make a (deft) move.
चाल चूकना -- to miss the target, to makean unsuccessful move; a trick tomisfire.
चाल में आना -- to fall into one'strap; to be a victim to one's trick.
  • चालक cha:lak -- (a) a driver; conductor; hence चालकता (nf).
  • चालन cha:lān -- (nm) operation, working; driving; conduction.
  • चाला cha:la: -- (nm) departure; auspicious day or time (for commencing a journey).
चाला न होना -- the occasion (time, day) to be inauspicious for undertaking a journey.
  • चालाक cha:la:k -- (a) cunning, clever, crafty.
चालाक कौआ -- (fig.) a crafty crow, cunning fellow.
  • चालाकी cha:la:ki: -- (nf) cunningness, craftiness.
  • चालान cha:lā:n -- (nm) a challan, invoice; prosecution.
चालानदार -- an invoice-holder.
चालान-बही -- an invoicebook.
चालान करना -- to challan, to registera case (against).
  • चाली/स cha:lī:s -- (a) forty; (nm) the number forty.
चालीसवाँ -- fortieth; a ritual observed on the fortiethday after death.
चालीसा -- an aggregateof forty (verses, etc.); a ritualobserved on the fortieth day afterdemise.
  • चालू cha:lu: -- (a) current; running; prevalent; tenable; commonplace; moving, in motion; cunning, unscrupulous (e.g. चालू आदमी).
चालू औरत -- a woman of easy virtue; unscrupulous woman.
चालू करना -- to bringinto play; to bring into operation.
चालू हालत में -- in running condition.
  • चाव chā:v -- (nm) fondness, eagerness.
  • चावल cha:val -- (nm) rice.
  • चाशनी cha:shnī: -- (nf) treacle; a viscous state of syrup.
चाशनी घुलना, (मन में) -- to be happy (within); to be sweetened.
चाशनी देना -- to give atouch of, to reinforce with.
चाशनी सी -- sweet like syrup.
  • चाह cha:h -- (nf) liking, love, craving; desire; will; a well.
चाह से राह बनती है -- where there is a will, there isa way.
  • चाहत cha:hat -- (nf) liking, love, fondness.
  • चाह/ना cha:hnā: -- (v) to wish, to want; to like, to love, to be fondof; to crave for, to desire; torequire.
चाहने वाला -- a lover.
  • चाहिए cha:hie -- the precative form of the aorist of चाहना, used as aphrase, meaning—is necessary, isneedful or requisite, is proper orright; it behoves; should or oughtor must (be).
  • चाहे cha:he -- (ind) either...or; or...or; even though/though......yet/still.
चाहे कितना (भी) -- however great/much.
चाहे कुछ भी/चाहे कोई -- whichever, whoever.
चाहे-जो हो -- for better for worse, comewhat may, whatever happens.
  • चिंघाड़ chīṅgha:ṛ -- (nm) trumpet (of an elephant); a roar (in rage).
  • चिंघाड़ना chīṅgha:ṛnā: -- (v) to trumpet (as an elephant); to roar.
  • चिंतक chīntak -- (nm) thinker, contemplator; philosopher.
  • चिंतन chīntān -- (nm) thinking: reflection, contemplation; musing.
चिंतन-मनन -- contemplation and reflection; thinking and deliberating.
चिंतनशील -- thoughtful, contemplative; hence चिंतनशीलता (nf).
  • चिंतना chīntanā: -- (nf) thinking; thought; contemplation.
  • चिंतनीय chīntanī:y -- (a) worth thinking of; contemplatable; thinkable; doubtful; causing anxiety/concern.
  • चिंता chīnta: -- (nf) worry, concern; anxiety; care.
चिंताजनक -- causinganxiety/concern.
चिंताधारा -- ideology.
चिंतामग्न -- engrossed in worry/anxiety; worried; musing.
चिंतामुक्त -- free ofworry/anxiety.
चिंतारहित -- carefree, having no worry.
चिंताशील -- givento worrying, ever worried.
चिंता खाये जाना/मारे डालना -- worry to be eating up, worry to be taking itstoll.
चिंता में डूबना/चिंता उतराना -- to be engrossed in constant worry.
चिंता चिता समान -- grief is the canker of heart, care killed the cat.
  • चिंताकूल chīnta:kul -- (a) perturbed/disturbed by anxiety, worried, concerned; hence चिंताकूलता (nf).
  • चिंतातूर chīnta:tur -- (a) see चिंताकूल.
  • चिंतामणि chinta:māṉī -- (nf) a fabulous mythological gem supposed to grant all desires.
  • चिंतित chīntit -- (a) perturbed, worried, anxious; concerned.
  • चिंत्य chīnty -- (a) causing concern/anxiety/worry; doubtful; questionable.
  • चिंदी chīndi: -- (nf) shred, scrap.
  • चिंपाजी chīmpā:nzi: -- (nm) a chimpanzee.
  • चिंया chīyā: -- (nm) see चिया.
  • चिउड़ा chiuṛa: -- (nm) rice parched and beaten flat.
  • चिक chik -- (nf) a screen of bamboo parings or reed, bamboo curtain.
  • चिकन chikān -- (nm) embroidered fine muslin.
  • चिकना chiknā: -- (a) smooth; glossy; oily or greasy; slippery.
चिकना-चुपड़ा -- well made up; looking smart andattractive; full of flattery, flattering (as चिकनी-चुपड़ी बातें).
चिकना घड़ा -- like water off duck's back; incorrigible, unabashing (person), shameless.
चिकना देखकर फिसल पड़ना -- tofall for the slightest temptation.
चिकनी मिट्टी -- marl, clay.
चिकनी-चुपड़ी बातें करना -- to curry favour.
  • चिकनाई chiknā:i: -- (nf) smoothness; greasiness; fat; lubricant.
  • चिकनाना chiknā:nā: -- (v) to smoothen; to lubricate; to tallow; to put onfat.
  • चिकनापन chiknā:pān -- (nm) smoothness; greasiness; glossiness.
  • चिकनाहट chikna:haṭ -- (nf) greasiness; glossiness; smoothness; fattiness.
  • चिकारा chika:ra: -- (nm) a kind of violin.
  • चिकित्सक chikitsak -- (nm) a physician, medical practitioner.
  • चिकित्सा chikitsa: -- (nf) treatment; remedy; medication, therapy; (a) medical therapeutic.
चिकित्सा-पद्धति -- systemof medicine; line of treatment.
चिकित्सा-व्यवसाय -- medical practice.
चिकित्सा-व्यवसायी -- medical practitioner.
चिकित्सा-शास्त्र -- medicine, medical science.
  • चिकित्सालय chikitsa:lay -- (nm) a hospital, dispensary.
  • चिकित्सीय chikitsi:y -- (a) therapeutic, medicinal, medical.
  • चिकुर chikur -- (nm) the hair (on the head).
  • चिकोटी chikoṭi: -- (nf) pinch; tweak; twitch.
चिकोटी काटना/भरना -- to pinch.
  • चिक्कण chikkāṉ -- (a) see चिकना; hence.
  • चिक्कार chikka:r -- (nf) scream, trumpet (as of an elephant); hence चिक्कारना (v).
  • चिचियाना chichiya:nā: -- (v) to scream, to shriek, to squeak.
  • चिचोरना chichorṉa: -- (v) to suck (as bone etc.) by holding between theteeth.
  • चिट chiṭ -- (nf) a chit.
  • चिटकना chiṭaknā: -- (v) to crack; to crackle.
  • चिट्टा chiṭṭa: -- (a) white, fair.
  • चिट्ठा chiṭṭḥa: -- (nm) account book; day book; detailed list; musterroll; account of doings.
  • चिट्ठी chiṭṭḥi: -- (nf) a letter.
चिट्ठी-पत्री -- correspondence; letter, etc.
चिट्ठीरसाँ/चिट्ठीरसा -- a postman.
चिट्ठी डालना -- to posta letter.
  • चिड़चिड़ा chiṛchiṛa: -- (a) grouch, irritable, irascible, petulant, peevish; hence चिड़चिड़ाना (v).
चिड़चिड़ाहट -- see चिड़चिड़ापन.
  • चिडचॢड़ापन chiṛchiṛa:pān -- (nm) irritability, irascibility, petulance; peevishness.
  • चिड़िया chiṛiya: -- (nf) a bird; shuttle-cock (in the game of Badminton); the club (in a suite of cards).
चिड़ियाख़ाना/घर -- a zoo; an aviary.
चिड़िया कादूध -- a non-existent commodity; animpossibility.
चिड़िया उड़ जाना -- the bird tofly off, the victim to get out ofreach.
चिड़िया का पूत भी न होना -- none at allto be present.
चिड़िया फँसाना -- to entrap abird (a beauty or a man of wealth).
चिड़िया मरी राजा को स्वाद न आया -- it maybe death to one and not even funto another.
चिड़िया हाथ से निकल जाना -- see चिड़िया उड़ जाना.
चिड़ियों की मौंत गँवारों की हँसी -- it may be fun to you but itis death to frogs.
  • चिड़ीमार chiṛi:mā:r -- (nm) a fowler, bird-catcher.
  • चिढ़ chiṛḥ -- (nf) irritation, huff, strong aversion; a teasing nick-name.
  • चिढ़ना chiṛḥnā: -- (v) to be irritated, to be teased; to (take) huff; to have a strong aversion.
  • चिढ़ाना chiṛḥa:nā: -- (v) to tease, to cause irritation, to mock, to jeer (at), to huff.
  • चित chit -- (a) supine; (lying) flat on the back; (nm) mind, heart; head(of a coin).
चितचोर -- alluring, appealing (person); he who steals awayone's heart.
चित करना -- to throw flaton the back; to overpower, tovanquish.
चित कर देना -- to bowl over, to overpower, to vanquish.
चित पटकरना -- to decide this way or that(by throw of a coin).
चित भी मेरी पट भी मेरी (अंटा मेरे बाप का) -- headsI win, tails you lose.
चित होना -- to beoverpowered, to be vanquished; to fall on the back.
  • चितकबरा chitkabra: -- (a) variegated; spotted; piebald, mottled.
चितकबरापन -- variegation; spottedness; piedness.
  • चितला chitla: -- (a) see चितकबरा.
  • चितवन chitvan -- (nf) (compelling) glance, (fascinating) look; ogle.
चितवन , तिरछी -- oblique glance, ogling.
  • चिता chita: -- (nf) funeral pyre.
चिता पर चढ़ना -- to immolate oneself.
  • चिति chiti: -- (nf) consciousness.
  • चितेरा chitera: -- (nm) a painter.
  • चित् chit -- (nm) consciousness; (a) conscious.
  • चित्त chitt -- (nm) mind, heart; (a) supine, flat on the back.
चित्तवृत्ति -- mentality, mental disposition/attitude.
चित्त-शुद्धि -- mental purification.
चित्त उचटना -- to feel ennuied, to be outof spirits/sorts; to become averse/disinclined (to somebody, place orthing).
चित्त करना/कर देना -- see चित करना/कर देना.
चित्त चढ़ना -- to take to heart.
  • चित्ताकर्षक chitta:karshak -- (a) attractive, charming, alluring, fascinating; hence चित्ताकर्षकता (nf).
  • चित्ती chitti: -- (nf) a speck, spot.
चित्तीदार -- spotted, specked.
  • चित्र chittr -- (nm) picture; painting; illustration; figure; (still) film.
चित्र-कर्म -- painting.
चित्र-कला -- (art of) painting.
चित्रकार -- a painter; anartist.
चित्रकारिता -- painting.
चित्रकारी -- (the profession or work of) painting.
चित्रपट -- screen, cinema film.
चित्रफलक -- canvas.
चित्रलिपि -- pictograph, pictorial script.
चित्रलेख -- pictograph; pictorial writing.
चित्रलेखक -- a painter; an artist.
चित्रलेखन -- painting.
चित्र-विचित्र -- mottled; variegated; picturesque.
चित्रशाला -- a picture-gallery.
चित्र-संग्रह -- an album.
चित्रसारी -- a picture-gallery.
  • चित्रण chittrāṉ -- (nm) portrayal, delineation; painting, drawing.
  • चित्रवल्लरी chittrvallari: -- (nf) a frieze.
  • चित्रमय chittrmāy -- (a) pictorial; illustrated; hence चित्रमयता (nf).
  • चित्रवत् chittrvat -- (a) still; picturelike.
  • चित्रसारी chittrsa:ri: -- (nf) a picture gallery; an inner apartment foramorous enjoyment.
  • चित्रांकन chitra:ṅkan -- (nm) delineation, portrayal.
  • चित्राक्षर chittra:kshar -- (nm) an ideogram.
  • चित्राक्षरी chittra:kshari: -- (nf) acrostic (poetry).
  • चित्रात्मक chitra:tmak -- (a) pictorial, (stated or described) in pictures.
  • चित्राधार chittra:dha:r -- (nm) a portrait-stand.
  • चित्रालेख chittra:lekh -- (nm) the scenario (of a film etc.), screenplay.
  • चित्रित chittrit -- (a) portrayed; painted, pictured; drawn.
  • चिथड़ा chithṛa: -- (nm) a rag, shred, tatter.
चिथड़ा लगाना -- to be in tatters.
चिथड़े-चिथड़े हो जाना -- to be torn toshreds, to be tattered, to beturned into rags.
  • चिनक chināk -- (nf) smarting pain; painful twitching sensation; hence चिनकना (v).
  • चिनगारी chinga:ri: -- (nf) a spark.
चिनगारी छोड़ना -- to make an incendiary remark; to emit/give out sparks.
  • चिनाई china:i: -- (nf) brick-laying, bilge and cantline.
  • चिनार chinā:r -- (nm) see चनार.
  • चिन्मय chīnmay -- (a) conscious, pervaded or permeated by consciousness; (nm) All Consciousness, PureConsciousness; hence चिन्मयता (nf).
  • चिन्ह chinh -- (nm) see चिन्ह.
  • चिप/कना chipaknā: -- (v) to adhere; to stick, to cling; (a) adhesive; clinging/hanging (on).
चिपके रहना -- tokeep on clinging.
  • चिपकवाँ chipakvā: -- (a) applique; adhesive, sticky.
  • चिपकाना chipka:nā: -- (v) to paste; to stick; to cause to cling; toembrace; to put into an employment.
  • चिपकू chipku: -- (a and nm) hanger-on.
  • चिपचिपा chipchipa: -- (a) sticky, greasy; adhesive; viscid.
चिपचिपाना -- to be.
  • चिपटना chipaṭnā: -- (v) to cling; to hang on; to embrace; to hold fast.
  • चिप्पी chippi: -- (nf) label, paster.
  • चिबुक chibuk -- (nm) the chin.
  • चिमटना chimāṭnā: -- (v) to cling to, to hang on; to embrace; to hold fast.
  • चिमटा chimṭa: -- (nm) tongs; pincers.
चिमटा गाड़ना -- (for a mendicant) to bivouac, to make a halt.
  • चिमटाना chimṭa:nā: -- (v) to embrace; to paste; to stick to.
  • चिमटी chimṭi: -- (nf) forceps, tweezer, pincers.
  • चिमनी chimnī: -- (nf) a chimney; flue-pipe.
  • चिया chiya: -- (nm) the seed (stone) of tamarind fruit.
  • चिरंजीव chirāṇji:v -- (a) (one) blessed with longevity; a benedictoryepithet prefixed with the namesof youngers; (int.) may you livelong !; (nm) son.
  • चिरंजीवी chirāṇji:vi: -- (a) long-living; blessed with long life; immortal.
  • चिरंतन chirāntan -- (a) lasting, everlasting, perpetual; hence चिरंतनता (nf).
  • चिर chir -- (a) long-lasting; lasting; perpetual; (ind.) existing for a longtime, ever.
चिरकांक्षित -- long-desired; long-cherished.
चिरकाल -- long time.
चिरकालिक -- long-existent; perpetual; old; chronic (as चिर रोग).
चिरकुमार -- a chronic bachelor; celibate.
चिरजीवी -- blessed with long life, long-living; immortal.
चिरनवीन -- ever-new; ever-fresh; ever-green.
चिरनिद्रा -- sleep thatknows no breaking, perpetualsleep; death.
चिरनिद्रा मग्न -- dead.
चिरनूतन -- see नवीन.
चिरपरिचित -- long known.
चिरपोषित -- long-cherished.
चिरप्रचलित -- time-honoured; long-current; long-prevalent.
चिरप्रतिक्षित -- long-awaited.
चिरप्रसिद्ध -- long-reputed, famous for along time.
चिररोगी -- a chronic patient.
चिरवियोग -- long separation.
चिरविस्मृत -- long-forgotten; long gone intooblivion.
चिरशत्रु -- perpetual enemy.
चिरशत्रु ता -- perpetual animosity.
चिरशांति -- perpetual/enduring peace.
चिरसंगी -- lifelong companion.
चिरस्थ -- long-lasting; perpetual, permanent, enduring; quality or state of existing for/lasting long.
चिरस्थायिता -- endurance, permanency.
चिरस्थायी -- enduring; perpetual, permanent.
चिरस्मरणीय -- memorable; worthremembering (for long).
  • चिरकना chiraknā: -- (v) to have a (slight) outflow of loose faeces.
  • चिरकुट chirkuṭ -- (nm) tattered cloth, rag.
  • चिरना chirnā: -- (v) to be torn; to be split; to be sawed; to be dissected.
चिरा-फटा -- lacerate.
  • चिरवाई chirva:i: -- (nf) sawing; tearing, splitting; wages for sawing/splitting/tearing.
  • चिराई chira:i: -- (nf) see चिरवाई.
  • चिराग़ chira:g̣ -- (nm) a lamp; light.
चिराग़ गुल करना -- to put out the lamp.
चिराग़ गुल, पगड़ी ग़ायब -- twitch the eyelids, gone are your belongings.
चिराग़ गुल होना -- a lamp to be put out; lightto be gone.
चिराग़ जले -- at dusk, at thetime when lamps are lit.
चिराग़ ठंडा करना -- see चिराग़ गुल करना.
चिराग़ तले अँधेरा -- nearer the church, farther fromheaven.
चिराग़ दिखाना -- to illuminateone's path.
चिराग़ बढ़ाना -- to put out thelamp.
चिराग़ लेकर ढूँढना -- to search everynook and corner; to make athorough search.
चिराग़ से चिराग ज़लता है -- one lamp kindles another.
  • चिरायँध chirā:yādh -- (nf) the smell emitted by burning leather, hair, etc.
  • चिरायता chira:yta: -- (nm) chirata, wormwood चिरायता Gentiana charetta.
  • चिरायु chira:yu -- (a) blessed with long life, long living.
चिरायु हो ! -- mayyou live long !.
  • चिराव chira:v -- (nm) splitting; sawing; tearing; dissecting, dissection; split fuel wood.
  • चिरौंजी chirāūji: -- (nf) the tree Chironjia sapada and its edible nut.
  • चिरौंरौटा chirāūauṭa: -- (nm) a young male sparrow.
  • चिरौरी chirauri: -- (nf) an humble entreaty, supplication.
चिरौरी करना -- tomake an humble entreaty, to supcate.
  • चिलक chilak -- (nf) a painful twitching sensation, twitch; smarting pain.
  • चिलकना chilaknā: -- (v) to make a twitching sensation, to twitch; tosmart.
  • चिलगोज़ा chilgoza: -- (nm) the nut of the pine tree.
  • चिलचिलाना chilchila:nā: -- (v) to shine scorchingly.
चिलचिलाती धूप -- scorching sun/heat.
  • चिलबिल्ला chilbilla: -- (a) naughty, mischievous.
  • चिलम chilām -- (nf) an earthen or metallic vessel on the top of ahubble-bubble for containing fireand tobacco.
चिलमबरदार -- a servantwho prepares the चिलम; a flunkey.
चिलमबरदारी -- the act or office of a चिलमबरदार; flunkeyism; servitude.
चिलम चढ़ाना/भरना -- to fill or prepare a चिलम, to dance attendance upon.
चिलम पीना -- to smoke a चिलम.
चिलम फूँकना -- to smoke a चिलम heavily.
  • चिलमची chilāmchi: -- (nf) a (wash) basin.
  • चिलमन chilmān -- (nf) a bamboo-curtain.
  • चिल्लपों chillapō -- (nf) clamour, confused cries, hullabaloo.
  • चिल्लर chillar -- (nm) change (small coins).
  • चिल्ला chilla: -- (nm) a bow-string; (a) biting.
चिल्ला जाड़ा -- biting cold; thecoldest part of the winter (saidto continue for 40 days).
  • चिल्लाना chilla:nā: -- (v) to cry, to shout, to squeak.
  • चिल्लाहट chilla:haṭ -- (nf) an outcry, shouting and screaming, clamorous cries.
  • चिहुँकना chihūknā: -- (v) to start, to wince.
  • चिन्ह chinh -- (nm) sign; mark, marking, brand; trait, trace.
चिन्ह छोड़ना -- to leave traces behind.
  • चिन्हित chinhit -- (a) signed; marked, branded.
  • चीं chī: -- (nf) warbling; chirp(ing).
चीं-चपड़ -- jabber; protest explicitly; (expression of) resentment.
चीं-चीं -- chirping; warbling; chattering.
चीं बोलना -- to cry 'enough'; to confesshelplessness; to concede victory, to own defeat.
  • चींटा chī:ṭa: -- (nm) a big black ant.
  • चींटी chī:ṭi: -- (nf) an ant.
चींटी की चाल -- very slow movement.
चींटी के पर निकलना -- to be heading for trouble/death; to outgrow oneself.
  • चींथना chī:thnā: -- (v) to reduce to tatters, to tear to pieces; to spoilby scribbling.
  • ची chi: -- ची a suffix which imparts the meaning of one who keepsor uses, e.g. तोपची, अफ़ीमची oract as diminutive e.g. संदूकची.
  • चीकट chi:kaṭ -- (a) dirty; greasy and dirty; (dirty) residue (of greasysubstances).
  • चीकू chi:ku: -- (nm) sapodilla.
  • चीख़ chi:ḳḥ -- (nf) scream, shriek; screech, squeak.
चीख़-पुकार -- shriekand scream, hubbub; loud supplication.
चीख़ निकलना -- to let out asudden shriek/screech.
चीख़ मारना -- to.
  • चीख़ना chi:ḳḥnā: -- (v) to scream, to shriek, to squeak, to screech.
  • चीज़ chi:z -- (nf) a thing, an article; item, object; a commodity; anornament; a wonderful or preciousthing.
चीज़-बस्त -- belongings, articles, goods and chattles.
  • चॣड़ chi:ṛ -- (nm) a pine tree.
चॣड़-वन -- a pine forest.
  • चीतल chi:tal -- (nm) a white-spotted antelope.
  • चीता chi:ta: -- (nm) a leopard; panther; (a) liked, longed for (as मनचीता).
  • चीत्कार chi:tka:r -- (nf) a sudden scream/screech, loud shriek.
  • चीथ/ड़ा chi:thṛa: -- (nm) rag, tatters.
चीथड़े लपेटना -- to be dressed in rags, to put on tattered clothes.
  • चीथना chi:thnā: -- (v) to rend, to tear to pieces/tatters; to spoil by scribbling.
  • चीना chi:nā: -- (nm) millet; a Chinese; (a) belonging to China.
  • चीनी chi:nī: -- (nf) sugar; a Chinese; (a) Chinese; pertaining or belonging to China.
चीनी मिट्टी -- clay.
  • चीमड़ chi:maṛ -- (a) tough, hardy; stiff; tenacious.
चीमड़पन/चीमड़पना -- toughness, hardness; stiffness; tenacity.
  • चीर chi:r -- (nm) a strip of cloth, feminine mantle; (nf) slit, cut, cleavage.
चीर-फाड़ -- surgical operation; dissection.
  • चीरना chi:rnā: -- (v) to saw; to rend; to cleave; to tear; to dissect, tocut open; to incise.
  • चीरा chi:ra: -- (nm) incision, a surgical operation.
चीरा लगाना -- to incise, to cutopen; to perform an operation.
  • चील chi:l -- (nf) a kite.
चील झपट्टा -- a sudden (kite-like) swoop, a snap; a boy's game.
चील के घोंसले में मांस कहाँ -- lit to look for meat in a kite'snest—to seek for something ina quarter where it is bound to beused up.
  • चीवर chi:var -- (nm) a mendicant's tattered dress.
  • चीस chi:s -- (nf) a smart, smarting/rankling pain (as in a wound, etc.).
  • चुंगी chūngi: -- (nf) octroi, terminal tax.
चुंगी की चोकी/चुंगीघर -- octroi-post.
  • चुंधा chūndha: -- (a) possessing small half-shut eyes; purblind, dim-sighted.
  • चुँधियाना chūdhiya:nā: -- (v) to be dazzled.
  • चुंबक chūmbak -- (nm) a magnet.
चुंबकत्व -- magnetism.
चुंबकन -- magnetisation.
चुंबकीय -- magnetic.
  • चुंबन chūmban -- (nm) a kiss, kissing.
  • चुंबित chūmbit -- (a) kissed; touched.
  • चुंबी chūmbi: -- (a) a suffix meaning touching or kissing (e.g. गगनचुंबी).
  • चुआना chua:nā: -- (v) to (cause to) drip; to percolate.
  • चुकंदर chukāndar -- (nm) beet, sugar beet—Beta vulgaris.
  • चुकटी chukṭi: -- (nf) handful, palmful.
चुकटी भर -- handful, palmful.
  • चुकता chukta: -- (a) settled; paid up, paid in full.
  • चुकना chuknā: -- (v) to be finished/spent up/exhausted/completed; to be paid off in full; to be settled.
  • चुकाई chuka:i: -- (nf) settlement; paying off.
  • चुकाना chuka:nā: -- (v) to settle; to pay off, to defray.
  • चुक्क chukk -- (a) extremely sour—often used as the second member in the compound खट्टा-चुक्क.
  • चुखाना chukha:nā: -- (a) to suckle, to give suck to.
  • चुग़द chug̣ad -- (nm) lit. an owl; a nit-wit; (a) slow-witted, stupid; hence चुग़दपन (nm).
  • चुगना chugnā: -- (v) to pick; to peck.
  • चुग़ल chug̣al -- (nm) a back-biter.
चुग़लख़ोर -- a back-biter.
चुग़लख़ोरी -- (the actor habit of) back-biting.
  • चुग़ली chug̣li: -- (nf) back-biting, speaking ill of (somebody in his/her absence); complaint.
चुग़ली करना/खाना/लगाना -- to backbite, to speakill of; to complain, to level anaccusation.
  • चुग्गा chugga: -- (nm) pickings (of birds).
  • चुचाना chucha:nā: -- (v) to drip, to trickle.
  • चुचुवाना chuchuva:nā: -- (v) sec चुचाना.
  • चुटकी chuṭki: -- (nf) a pinch, snapping with the finger.
चुटकी काटना -- to pinch.
चुटकी बजाते (में) -- in a trice; in a moment.
चुटकी-बजाना -- to snap the fingers.
चुटकी भर -- apinchful; very small quantity.
चुटकी भरना -- to make a caustic remark.
चुटकी लेना -- to make a sarcastic remark; to taunt.
चुटकियों में -- in a trice.
चुटकियों उड़ाना -- to accomplish (a work) inno time; to treat like a joke, tojoke away.
  • चुटकु/ला chuṭkula: -- (nm) an anecdote; a joke, pleasantry.
चुटकुला छोड़ना -- tolet off a squib; to utter a pleasantry.
चुटकुलेबाज़ -- one who narrates toomany anecdotes.
चुटकुलेबाज़ी -- adecdotage; narration of anecdotes, narration of incidents in a lighter vein.
  • चुटिया chuṭiya: -- (nf) a lock of hair on the top of the head (kept by traditionalist Hindus); braid.
चुटिया हाथ मेंहोना -- to be under one's thumb, tobe under complete control (of).
  • चुटीला chuṭi:la: -- (a) wounded, hurt; incisive; penetrating, causing mental upheaval; three-stranded cottonor silken braid with tassels usedfor hair-do.
  • चुड़ैल chuṛail -- (nf) a witch; shrew.
  • चुदक्कड़ chudakkaṛ -- (a) addicted to venery; libidinous; (nm) a womanizer; a past-master in the sexual act.
  • चुदना chudnā: -- (v) to be subject to sexual intercourse (by a male).
  • चुदाई chuda:i: -- (nf) the act or process of copulation (by a male), performance of sexual act by man.
  • चुनचुना chūnchunā: -- (a) causing a typical burning sensation (bytouch).
  • चुनचुना/ना chūnchūnā:nā: -- (v) to cause a burning sensation.
चुनचुनाहट -- a typicalburning sensation.
  • चुनना chunnā: -- (v) to select, to choose; to pick; to elect.
  • चुनरी chunri: -- (nf) a thin cloth with red ground and white or someother type of specks; a parti-coloured cloth sheet or sa:ri:.
  • चुनाँचे chunāche -- (ind) thus, therefore, as a result.
  • चुनाव chuna:v -- (nm) election; selection.
चुनाव-क्षेत्र -- constituency.
चुनाव-मंडल -- electorate.
चुनाव लड़ना -- to fight/contestan election.
  • चुनिंदा chunīnda: -- (a) selected, chosen; choicest.
  • चुनौती chunauti: -- (nf) a challenge.
चुनौती देना -- to throw a challenge.
चुनौती स्वीकार करना -- to accept a challenge.
  • चुन्नट chunnaṭ -- (nf) a rumple, crease.
चुन्नटदार -- rumpled, creased.
  • चुन्नी chunnī: -- (nf) a woman's small-sized upper covering or mantle.
  • चुप chup -- (a) silent, quiet.
चुप रहना -- to keep quiet, to keep breath tocool porridge.
चुप साधना -- to assumesilence, not to utter a word.
  • चुप/का chupka: -- (a) silent, quiet; still.
चुपकी -- quietitude, silence.
चुपके से -- silently, quietly; stealthily; without making a fuss.
  • चुप/चाप chupcha:p -- (adv) silently, quietly; stealthily; clandestinely.
चुपचुपाते -- quietly, silently.
  • चुपड़ना chupaṛnā: -- (v) to besmear, to annoint, to apply a greasy substance.
  • चुपड़ा chupṛa: -- (a) besmeared, anointed; greasy.
चुपड़ी -- (feminine form).
चुपड़ी और दो-दो -- you cannot eat your cake and have it too.
  • चुप्पा chuppa -- (a) taciturn; secretive.
  • चुप्पी chuppi: -- (nf) silence.
चुप्पी छाना -- pin-drop silence to prevail.
चुप्पी तोड़ना -- to break the ice.
चुप्पी साधना -- to assumesilence, not to utter a word, tobe mute, to keep breath to coolone's porridge.
  • चुभन chubhān -- (nf) pricking, pricking sensation, lingering or haunting pain (physical or mental).
  • चुभना chubhnā: -- (v) to be pricked/pinched/punctured; to feel bad, to have a pricking sensation within.
चुभती हुई बात -- a prickly/piercingremark.
  • चुभाना chubha:nā: -- (v) to prick/pinch/puncture; to pierce slightly.
  • चुभोना chubhona: -- (v) see चुभाना.
  • चुमकारना chumka:rnā: -- (v) to produce a kissing sound; to fondle, to caress.
  • चुम्मा chumma: -- (nm) a kiss.
चुम्मा लेना -- to kiss, to plant a kiss.
  • चुरकुट churkuṭ -- (a) pulverized, reduced to powder or pieces.
  • चुरट churaṭ -- (nm) a cheroot.
  • चुरमुर churmur -- (nf) the sound produced by the cracking of acrisp or brittle substance.
  • चुरमुरा churmura: -- (a) crisp, brittle, fragile.
  • चुराना chura:nā: -- (v) to steal, to pinch.
  • चुल chul -- (nf) titillation, prurience; wantonness; sexual passion.
चुल उठना -- to have a titillating sensation, tobe passionate, to have a sex urge.
चुल मिटाना -- to satisfy one's passion orsexual urge.
  • चुलबुला chulbula: -- (a) playful; fidgety, restless; frolicsome.
चुलबुलापन -- playfulness; fidgetiness, restlessness; frolicsomeness; also चुलबुलाहट (nf).
  • चुलबुलाना chulbula:nā: -- (v) to be playful/fidgety/restless/frolicsome.
  • चुल्लू chullu: -- (nm) the hollow cup formed by joining the fringes ofthe two palms together; the upturned hollow palm (of a singlehand); a handful/palmful (ofliquid).
चुल्लू भर -- a handful, meagrequantity.
चुल्लू भर पानी में डूब मरना -- lit. tobe drowned in a palmful of water —to be ashamed beyond reprieve, to die through shame.
चुल्लू भर में उल्लू हो जाना -- to lose self-control even on slight intoxication.
  • चुसकी chuski: -- (nf) a sip, suck.
  • चुस्त chust -- (a) active, smart, agile; tight; narrow.
चुस्त-चालाक -- sharp andsmart.
चुस्त-दुरुस्त -- agile and active.
  • चुस्ती chusti: -- (nf) agility, alertness, smartness.
  • चुहचुहाना chuhchuha:nā -- (v) see चहचहाना; to be full of juiciness.
चुहचुहानाते -- juicy, provocative.
  • चुहल chuhal -- (nf) jollity, joviality, jocundity.
चुहलबाज़ -- jolly, jovial, jocund.
चुहलबाज़ी -- jollity, joviality, jocundity.
  • चुहिया chuhiya: -- (nf) a female mouse.
  • चूँ chū: -- (nf) chirping, twitter; squeaking; creaking; a slight or low noise.
चूँ-चूँ -- chirping, twitter.
चूँ-चूँ कामुरब्बा -- an incoherent mass of heterogeneous stuff.
चूँ न करना -- not tomake the slightest protest, to utterno sound.
  • चूँकि chū:ki -- (ind.) because, as.
  • चूक chu:k -- (nf) lapse, slip, omission; error; fault; default; (a) extremely sour (used in this senseas the second member of the compound.
  • चूकना chu:knā: -- (v) to miss, to fail; to err; to make a lapse, to default.
  • चूची chu:chi: -- (nf) a nipple, teat; female breast.
  • चूचुक chu:chuk -- (nm) a nipple, teat.
  • चूज़ा chu:za: -- (nm) a chicken.
  • चूड़ांत chu:ṛā:nt -- (nm) extreme; (a) extreme; excessive.
  • चूड़ा chu:ṛa: -- (nm) a lock of hair on on top of the head; alarge-sized broad bangle; (a) the best, most eminent.
चूड़ाकर्म -- theceremony of tonsure.
चूड़ामणि -- ajewel worn on top of the head; the best; most excellent (of).
  • चूड़ी chu:ṛi: -- (nf) a bangle; ring; pucker.
चूड़ीदार -- puckered.
चूड़ियाँतोड़ना -- to break a woman's bangles —an act symbolizing widowhood; to be turned into a widow.
चूड़ियाँ पहनना -- to don female attire; to become effeminate; (for awidow) to remarry.
चूड़ियाँ पहनाना -- to marry a widow.
  • चूत chu:t -- (nf) the female genital organ, vagina.
  • चूतड़ chu:taṛ -- (nm) the buttock, rump, bum.
चूतड़ दिखाना -- to turn tail.
चूतड़ पीटना/बजाना -- to slap the rumpwith joy; to be overjoyed, toexpress extreme joy.
  • चूतिया chu:tiya: -- (nm and a) dolt (ish), stupid, blockhead, nincompoop.
चूतियाखाता/चूतियाचक्कर -- a doltish affair; stupid involvement.
चूतियापन/चूतियापंती(चूतियापंथी) -- doltishness, stupidity.
  • चून chū:n -- (nm) flour, wheat-meal.
  • चूना chū:nā: -- (v) to leak; to drop; to ooze (as कोढ़); (nm) lime.
चूनादानी -- a small lime-case; a watch thatdoes not record correct time.
चूना लगाना, (के) -- to dupe, to bamboozle.
  • चूमना chū:mnā: -- (v) to kiss, to lip.
चूमना-चाटना -- to kiss and caress.
  • चूमा chū:ma: -- (nm) kiss, kissing.
चूमा-चाटी -- kissing and caressing.
  • चूर chu:r -- (nm) filings, powder; (a) pulverized; steeped in (as नशे मेंचूर ); crushed; exhausted; besotted.
चूर-चूर करना -- to pulverize; to crushthoroughly; to break into atoms.
  • चूरन chu:rān -- (nm) a powder; digestive powder.
  • चूरमा chu:rmā: -- (nm) a kind of sweetmeat made from crumbledbread or bread-crumbs mixedwith ghee and sugar.
  • चूरा chu:ra: -- (nm) a powder; filings; small fragments; (saw) dust.
  • चूर्ण churṉ -- (nm) powder, pulverized or powdered substance; digestivepowder.
  • चूर्णित churṉīt -- (a) crushed, pulverized, reduced to powder.
  • चूल chu:l -- (nf) tenon; pivot; mortise; joint.
चूलदार -- pivoted, tenoned.
चूल बैठना -- to fit in.
चूल से चूल मिलना -- to have complete adjustment, tohave a harmonious relationship.
चूलें ढीली होना -- lit. the joints to become loose or dislocated; to betired out, to be wearied, to beexhausted.
  • चूल्हा chu:lha: -- (nm) a fire-place, hearth.
चूल्हा-चक्की -- routine householdchores.
चूल्हा न्यौंतना -- to invite the wholefamily.
चूल्हा फूँकना -- to keep busy incooking work.
चूल्हे में जाना/पड़ना -- to be damned, to go to hell, to goto pot.
चूल्हे से निकलकर भट्टी में(पड़ना) -- from the frying pan intothe fire.
  • चूषण chu:shāṉ -- (nm) suction, sucking.
  • चूसना chu:snā: -- (v) to suck, to suck dry; to sip; to drink in; to exploit; to exhaust.
  • चूहा chu:ha: -- (nm) a rat, mouse.
चूहे/चूहा-दानी -- a rat-trap.
चूहों का डंड पेलना, -- .
  • चें chē -- (nf) chirping, twitter.
चें चें -- chirrup; jabber, idle noisy talk.
चें बोलना -- to utter a cry of helplessness; to concede victory, to owndefeat.
  • चेंप chēp -- (nm) the acidic viscous substance ejaculated from themango fruit as its nipple is removed; stickiness, viscosity.
चेंपदार -- containing चेंप, sticky.
  • चेक chek -- (nm) a cheque; chequered cloth.
चेक काटना -- to issue a cheque.
  • चेचक chechak -- (nf) small-pox.
  • चेत chet -- (nm) consciousness; senses.
  • चेतन chetān -- (a) animate; conscious; (nm) the conscious (mind); theanimate (world).
चेतनवाद -- animatism.
  • चेतना chetnā: -- (nf) consciousness, awareness; animation; (v) to become conscious/animated; to become alert; to be provoked.
चेतना-प्रवाह -- stream of consciousness.
  • चेतावनी cheta:vanī: -- (nf) a warning; an alarm.
चेतावनी , अंतिम -- an ultimatum, final warning.
  • चेन chēn -- (nf) a chain.
  • चेरी cheri: -- (nf) a female attendant, maid servant.
  • चे/ला chela: -- (nf) a pupil, disciple; hence चेली (nf).
  • चेष्टा cheshṭa: -- (nf) effort, endeavour; movement; demeanour; gesture.
  • चेहरा chehra: -- (nm) face, countenance; mask; front.
चेहरा-मोहरा -- lineament.
चेहरा उतरना -- to be downcast, to be in low spirits.
चेहरा खिंचा होना -- to appearin a tense mood, tension to bewrit on the face.
चेहरा खिल उठना -- theface to glow up/to brighten up, to cheer up.
चेहरा पीला पड़/हो जाना -- toturn pale, to lose lustre.
चेहरा फक हो जाना -- to grow lustreless, to be put out ofcountenance.
चेहरा सफेद हो जाना -- to growanaemic; to lose lustre.
चेहरे का रंग उड़ जाना/का रंग फक हो जाना -- to getout of countenance, to lose faciallustre.
चेहरे पर बारह बजना -- to havea face as long as a fiddle.
चेहरे पर शिकन न आना -- to maintain complete composure, to show nofacial signs of tension, to be absolutely unruffled.
चेहरे पर हवाइयाउड़ना -- to be struck with panic; tolose colour, to be despirited.
चेहरे से बदमाशी टपकना -- to have the gallowsin one's face.
चेहरे से मनहूसियत टपकना -- to have a sinister appearance.
  • चेहल्लुम chehallum -- (nf) (among Muslims) the rites observed onthe fortieth day after death; themourning observed on the fortiethday of the death of the martyrsof Karbala:.
  • चैत chait -- (nm) the opening month of the year according to theHindu calendar.
  • चैतन्य chaitanny -- (a) conscious; sensitive; alert and awake; (nm) consciousness; spirit.
  • चैती chaiti: -- (a) pertaining to, or related with.
चैत -- (see); (nf) theChait-harvest.
  • चैत्य chaitty -- (nm) a monastery, (esp. Buddhist) shrine.
  • चैत्र chaittr -- (nm) see चैत.
  • चैन chāīn -- (nm) relief; rest; tranquillity, calm and quiet.
चैन की छानना/बंसी बजाना -- to be in clover, to be in absolute ease and luxury, toenjoy oneself thoroughly.
चैन पड़ना -- to feel relieved; to feel a sense ofrelief.
चैन से कटना/से गुज़रना -- to liveeasefully, to have an easy time.
  • चोंगा chōga: -- (nm) a (telephone) receiver; cylindrical tinpot.
  • चोंच chōch -- (nf) beak; bill; dolt.
चोंचे होना, (दो-दो) -- to have a wordyduel, to exchange word volleys.
  • चोंच/ला chōchla: -- (nm) affectation, airs; coquetry, dalliance.
चोंचलेबाज़ -- a coquette; coquettish.
चोंचलेबाज़ी -- coquettishness, indulgence incoquetry.
चोंचले सहना -- to put upwith somebody's affected/coquettish conduct.
  • चोंप chōp -- (nm) see चेंप.
  • चोआ choa: -- (nm) a mixture of four perfumes (viz. sandal, agallochum, saffron and musk).
  • चोकर chokar -- (nm) bran.
  • चोखा chokha: -- (a) fine, good; genuine; (nm) mash made of boiled orroasted vegetables.
चोखा दाम, चोखा काम -- good wages, good work.
  • चोग़ा chog̣a: -- (nm) a gown, toga.
  • चोट choṭ -- (nf) an injury; blow; stroke; hurt.
चोट-चपेट/फेंट -- wound, injury, bruise.
चोट उभरना -- resurgence of aninjury.
चोट करना -- to strike a blow; tolaunch an attack.
चोट खाना -- to recievea blow; to be wounded.
चोट पर चोटपड़ना -- to suffer one blow after another.
चोटें चलना -- to measureswords, to exchange blows.
  • चोटिल choṭil -- (a) wounded, struck.
  • चोटी choṭi: -- (nf) an apex; crown; braid; a lock of hair on topof the head (kept by traditionalistHindus).
चोटीदार/वाला -- possessing a चोटी.
चोटी करना -- to braid, to arrangehair in braids.
चोटी का -- superb, of thehighest order.
चोटी का पसीना एड़ी तकआना -- to labour hard, to work toperspiration.
चोटी दबना -- or हाथ में होनाto be under one's thumb, to bein the clutches (of), to be undercomplete control (of).
  • चोट्टा choṭṭa: -- (nm) a petty thief, pilferer; hence चोट्टी (feminine form).
चोट्टी कुतिया जलेबियों की रखवाली -- to set a fox to keep thegeese.
  • चोथ choth -- (nm) a lump of human/animal faeces/stool; extremely inert and inactive person.
  • चोदना chodnā: -- (v) to copulate(with), (for a man) to have sexual intercourse.
  • चोदू chodu: -- (nm) an adept in the art of copulation (with woman), one addicted to venery; one whoindulges in excessive sexual intercourse.
  • चोप chop -- (nm) see चेंप; zest, aspiration.
  • चोब chob -- (nm) a tent-pin; gold or silver-plated club; drum-stick.
चोबदार -- a gatekeeper/watchman.
  • चोबा choba: -- (nm) a nail; see चोब.
  • चोर -- (nf) theft, burglary, pilferage.
चोर का काम/चोर की बात -- anunderhand affair/a secret information.
चोर-चोरी -- clandestinely, stealthily.
चोर-छिपे -- stealthily, surreptitiously.
चोर से -- stealthily, clandestinely.
चोर कागुड़ मीठ?ा -- forbidden fruits aresweet.
चोर का माल कुछ धर्मखाते बाकी हलाल -- cheating the devil and sharinga part of ill-begotten gains withthe church.
चोर का माल पचाना -- to whipthe devil round the stump; to enjoythe fruits of evil doing.
चोर का माल लेनेवाला भी चोर -- the receiver of stolengoods is as bad as a thief, abetment of a crime is as bad as itscommission.
  • चोला chola: -- (nm) a long robe, gown; appearance; physical frame, body.
चोला बदलना -- to effect a metamorphosis, to change one's appearance; tochange the physical frame; to bereborn.
  • चोली choli: -- (nf) brassieres; bodice.
चोली-दामन का साथ -- close by jowl, aperpetual association, an everlasting bond.
  • चौंक/ना chāūknā: -- (v) to be startled/started; to be alarmed.
चौंक उठना -- to jump out of one's skin.
  • चौंतीस chāūti:s -- (a) thirty-four; (nm) the number thirty-four.
  • चौंध chāūdh -- (nf) dazzling effect, dazzlement; blink.
  • चौंधियाना chaudhiya:nā: -- (v) to be dazzled, to suffer a dazzling effect.
  • चौंसठ chāūsaṭḥ -- (a) sixty-four; (nm) the number sixty-four.
  • चौ chau -- an allomorph of चतुः (चार) used as the first member in compound Hindi words.
चौआई (वाई) -- from all the four directions, blowing all round (as हवा).
चौकड़ी -- aquartet; bound, leap.
चौकड़ी भरना -- tobounce, to proceed by leaps andbounds, to be buoyant.
चौकड़ी भुलना -- to have one's senses benumbed; to be put out of countenance, tobe non-plussed/bewildered.
चौकस -- cautious, alert, watchful; in order, intact.
चौकसी -- cautiousness, vigilance.
चौकोन -- quadrangular, quadrilateral, four-sided.
चौकोना -- quadrangular; four-sided.
चौकोर -- quadrilateral, quadrangular, four-sided.
चौखंड -- four-storeyed.
चौखट -- threshold; door-frame, door-sill.
चौखट न झाँकना -- never to cross oversomebody's threshold, never tovisit somebody's house.
चौखटा -- frame, framework.
चौखना -- four-storeyed.
चौख़ाना -- chequered cloth.
चौखूँट -- the four quarters; all round.
चौखूँटा -- quadrangular; four-cornered.
चौगड्डा -- quartet, foursome, aset of four.
चौगिर्द -- all round.
चौगुना -- fourfold, four times.
चौतरफ़ा -- allround, from all the four quarters.
चौताल -- a typical musical mode.
चौदस -- the fourteenth day of thelunar fortnight.
चौपट -- razed, ruined, undone.
चौपट चरण -- a personwhose presence casts an ominousspell causing ruination.
चौपाई -- atypical Hindi poetic metre.
चौपाया -- a quadruped; livestock.
चौपाल -- arural meeting place; a verandahused as drawing room in villagehouses.
चौपेजी -- quarto.
चौबारा -- anassembly room with a numberof doors and windows.
चौमंज़िला -- four-storeyed.
चौमासा -- the rainyseason; four months comprisingthe rainy season extending from आषाढ़ to क्वार.
चौमुहाँ/मुखा -- four-faced; all round.
चौमुखी -- all round.
  • चौक chauk -- (nm) a crossing; square; market place; see सीमंत (चौक-संस्कार).
  • चौकन्ना chaukannā: -- (a) alert, vigilant.
चौकन्ना होना -- to prick up/cockone's ears.
  • चौका chauka: -- (nm) the sanctified space in the kitchen where tradition-loving Hindus take theirmeals; kitchen; a rectangular slabof stone; a set of four.
चौका-बरतन -- cleansing of the kitchen utensils.
चौका अलग करना -- to establish a separatehousehold.
चौका उठाना -- to wind up thelunching/dining activity (forthe day).
  • चौकी chauki: -- (nf) a post, check post; low square or rectangular seat.
  • चौकिदा/र chauki:da:r -- (nm) a watchman, guard.
चौकिदारी -- watch, guard; the office or function of a watchman or the wages paid therefor.
  • चौगान chaugā:n -- (nm) a game akin to polo; the field where this gameis played.
  • चौड़ा chauṛa: -- (a) broad, wide.
चौड़ाई -- breadth, width.
चौड़ा-चकला -- expansive; weighty and well-built.
  • चौतरा chautra: -- (nm) see चबूतरा.
  • चौथ chauth -- (nf) the fourth day of the lunar fortnight; a cess (leviedby the Mara:ṭḥa:s on other neighbouring states).
चौथ-का चाँद -- lit. themoon of the fourth—an object tobe shunned (as it is said to resultin slanderous accusations beinglevelled against one who happensto see it).
  • चौथा chautha: -- (a) the fourth (in succession); (nm) (the ritualsobserved on) the fourth day of(somebody's) death.
चौथापन -- the oldage, the last phase of life (thatof a संन्यासी—an anchorite).
  • चौथाई chautha:i: -- (a) one-fourth.
  • चौथी chauthi: -- (nf) the formal function observed on the fourth day of the marriage celebrations; (a) see चौथा.
  • चौदह chaudeh -- (a) fourteen; (nm) the number fourteen.
  • चौधरी chaudhri: -- (nm) the headman of a clan or community, chief, chieftain.
चौधरीपन/चौधरीपना -- supremacy; leadership.
  • चौपड़ chaupaṛ -- (nf) a game played with oblong dice (3 in number) or with kauṛi:s (on a cloth orboard having two transverse barsin the form of a cross); the boardor the cloth (as mentioned above).
  • चौपन्ना chaupannā: -- (nm) a pamphlet.
  • चौपहिया chaupahi:ya: -- (a) four-wheeled; (nm) a four-wheeler; railway wagon.
  • चौबच्चा chaubachcha: -- (nm) a catchpit.
  • चौबीस chaubi:s -- (a) twenty-four; (nm) the number twenty-four.
  • चौरा chaura: -- (nm) an altar; a raised platform forming part of a religious or ritualistic installation.
  • चौरानवे chaurā:nve -- (a) ninety-four; (nm) the number ninety-four.
  • चौरासी chaura:si: -- (a) eighty-four; (nm) the number eighty-four.
  • चौर्य chaury -- (nm) theft, stealing.
चौर्य-कर्म/चौर्य-वृत्ति -- theft, stealing, pilferage.
  • चौवन chau:ān -- (a) fifty-four; (nm) the number fifty-four.
  • चौवालीस chauva:li:s -- (a and nm) see चवालीस.
  • चौसर chausar -- (nf) see चौपड़.
  • चौहत्तर chauhattar -- (a) seventy-four.
  • चौहरा chauhra: -- (a) fourfold; quadruplicate.
चौहराना -- to make fourfold.
  • च्यु/त chyut -- (a) fallen (from), deprived (of), banished; deviated (from); strayed.
च्युति -- lapse, default; eclipsis, banishment; fall.
  • छ chha -- the second letter of the second pentad (i.e. चवर्ग) of theDevna:gri: alphabet; an allomorphof छह used as the first member in a number of Hindi compound words.
छकड़ी -- a group or set of six.
छगुना -- six times; six-fold.
छमाही -- six-monthly, half-yearly.
  • छंगा chhāṅga: -- (a) having six fingers (in one or each of the palms or toes).
  • छँगु/नी, छँगुली chhāgunī:, ~li: -- (nf) the little finger.
  • छँटना chhāṭnā: -- (v) to be sorted; to be thinned (as भीड़) or diffused (as बादल); to be trimmed or reduced (as मुटापा, बादी).
छँटा हुआ -- (it carries a derogatory sense) out and out, of the first order; a rascal, rogue, of blackest/deepest dye.
  • छँटनी chhāṭnī: -- (nf) retrenchment; weeding out.
  • छँटाई chhāṭa:i: -- (nf) the work or wages for sorting/pruning/trimming; assortment; reduction, retrenchment.
  • छंद chhānd -- (nm) metre, measure.
छंद-बंद -- scheming, manoeuvering; trickery.
छंद-बंध -- the bonds of metre(in a poetic composition).
छंदबद्ध -- see छंदोबद्ध.
छंदशास्त्र -- prosody.
  • छंदोबद्ध chhāndobaddh -- (a) metrical, cast in a metrical form; hence छंदोबद्धता (nf).
  • छंदोभंग chhāndobhaṅg -- (nm) metrical flaw, breach of metrical arrangement.
  • छः chh/ai -- ~e, ~ah (a and nm) see छह.
  • छकड़ा chhakṛa: -- (nm) a carrier bullock cart; a worn out vehicle.
छकड़ा हो जाना -- (a vehicle etc.) to be worn out, to become unserviceable.
  • छकना chhaknā: -- (v) to be gratified, to be full to be cloyed; to be teased/harassed; to be outwitted.
  • छकाना chaka:nā: -- (v) to gratify, to cloy; to tease/harass; to outwit.
  • छक्का chhakka: -- (nm) a set of six; sixer (in cricket); the sixth in a pack ofcards; the six (at dice, etc.).
छक्का-पंजा -- manoeuvrings, tactical moves.
छक्के छूटना -- to lose the six senses, tobe at one's wit's end; to be demoralised.
छक्के छुड़ाना -- to give one hisgruel, to smite hip and thigh, toout-manoeuvre, to demoralise, toforce out of gear.
  • छछूँदर chhachhū:dar -- (nf) a mole, shrew.
छछूँदर छोड़ना -- to let off a squib.
  • छज्जा chhajja: -- (nm) a balcony; terrace; drip stone; hood.
छज्जेदार -- having a terrace or a balcony.
  • छटपटा/ना chhaṭpaṭa:nā: -- (v) to writhe in pain, to be restless, to toss andtumble about; to long/yearn impatiently; hence छटपटाहट (nf).
  • छटाँक chhaṭā:k -- (nf) one-sixteenth of a seer (सेर).
  • छटा chhaṭa: -- (nf) refulgence, splendour, lustre; beauty.
  • छठ chhaṭḥ -- (nf) the sixth day of the lunar fortnight.
  • छठा chhaṭḥa: -- (a) the sixth (in order).
छठे कान में पड़ना -- to be passed onto a third person, to be likely tobecome public.
छठे-छमासे -- once ina blue moon, rarely.
  • छठी chhaṭḥi: -- (nf) the ceremony performed on the sixth day ofchild-birth.
छठी का दूध याद आना -- to beput/forced in a very tight corner, to be in a terrible predicament.
  • छड़ chhaṛ -- (nf) a rod, bar.
  • छड़ा chhaṛa: -- (a) unmarried; with no encumbrance; all by oneself, alone.
  • छड़ी chhaṛi: -- (nf) a stick, cane.
छड़ीदार -- striped.
छड़ीबरदार -- a watchman, guard.
  • छत chhat -- (nf) the ceiling; roof.
  • छतनार chhatna:r -- (a) (said of tree, plants, etc.) diffused, giving diffused shade; sparse.
  • छतरी chhatri: -- (nf) an umbrella; a pigeon-umbrella; parachute; kiosk; pavilion; turret; a cenotaph inhonour of a Hindu national or religious leader or (in olden days) abig feudal lord, etc.
छतरीदार -- fittedwith an umbrella, canopied, covered.
छतरीधारी -- carrying an umbrella; equipped with a parachute.
छतरीधारी सैनिक -- a parachuter.
  • छत्ता chhatta: -- (nm) a beehive; archway, corridor.
छत्ताधानी -- beehive.
  • छत्ती/स chhatti:s -- (a) thirty-six; (nm) the number thirty-six.
छत्तीसा -- ashrewd/crafty person.
छत्तीसी -- shrewdness/craftiness.
छत्तीस होना -- to beestranged.
  • छत्र chattr -- (nm) an umbrella; a cenotaph in honour of some outstanding personality.
छत्रच्छाया -- patronage, protection.
छत्रधर/धारी -- anumbrella-bearer; one over whosehead an umbrella is borne as amark of dignity and authority.
छत्रपति -- a king, ruler.
छत्राकार -- peltate.
  • छदाम chhadā:m -- (nm) one-fourth of a pice, a very small coin (of oldentimes).
  • छद्म chhadm -- (a) pseudo छद्म-, disguised, deceptive; hypocritical; (nm) dissimulation; hypocrisy; stratagem.
छद्मनाम -- pseudonym.
छद्मरुपी -- pseudomorph.
छद्मवेश -- disguise.
छद्मवेशी -- disguised, in disguise.
  • छन chhān -- (nm) a moment, an instant; (nf) the hissing sound productedwhen a drop of water falls on ahot plate; tinkling/jingling sound(as of a घुँघरु).
छन-छन -- jingling; tinkling or hissing sound.
छन भर -- a moment, an instant.
छन भर भी न लगाना -- not to take a moment's time.
  • छनक chhanāk -- (nf) jingling, tinkling or hissing sound.
छनक-मनक -- jingle (ofornaments); ornamental make-up, foppishness.
  • छनकना chhanaknā: -- (v) to jingle/tinkle; to evaporate instantly with a hissing sound; to be reduced inquantity by being heated.
  • छनना chhannā: -- (v) intransitive verbal form of छानना (see).
छनना , खूब/गहरी/गाढ़ी -- to be in intimate relationship.
छनना , गहरी/गाढ़ी -- to have astrong dose of भंग.
  • छनाछन chhanā:chhan -- (adv) with a jingling-tinkling sound.
  • छन्ना chhannā: -- (nm) a filter; a piece.
  • छप chhap -- (nf) a splashing sound, splash.
छप-छप -- splatter; (with) arecurrent splashing sound; also छपाछप.
  • छपकना chhapaknā -- (v) to splash, to splatter.
  • छपछपा/ना chhapchhapa:nā: -- (v) to splash, to splatter; hence छपछपाहट (nf).
  • छपना chhapnā: -- (v) to be printed or stamped.
छपते-छपते -- stop press.
  • छपर chhapar -- a variant of छप्पर used as the first member in someHindi compounds.
छपरखट -- a bedsteadfitted with mosquito-net bars.
छपरबंदी -- thatching; wages paid for thatching work.
  • छपाई chhapa:i: -- (nf) printing; cost of printing.
  • छपाका chhapa:ka: -- (nm) a (violent) splash (produced by the impact ofsomething on water).
  • छप्पन chhappān -- (a) fifty-six; (nm) the number fifty-six.
छप्पनछुरी -- a smartdashing sharp woman.
छप्पन प्रकार केव्यंजन -- (fifty-six, i.e.) numerousdishes of delicacies.
  • छप्पय chhappay -- (nm) an important Hindi poetic metre running intosix lines, a hexametre.
  • छप्पर chhappar -- (nm) a thatch, thatched roof.
छप्परबंदी -- see छप्परबंदी.
छप्पर पर फूस न होना -- not to have even a thatched roof to live under; to beextremely poverty-stricken.
छप्पर फाड़कर देना -- to bestow an unexpectedlylarge fortune, to give as a hugewindfall.
  • छबीला chhabi:la: -- (a) spruce; foppish; dandy; hence छबीलापन (nm).
छबीली -- (fem. form).
  • छब्बीस chhabbi:s -- (a) twenty-six; (nm) the number twenty-six.
  • छमछम chhamchhām -- (nf) tinkling (sound), tinkle.
  • छमकना chhamāknā: -- (v) to make a clinking sound; to show off.
  • छमछमाना chhamchhamā:nā: -- (v) to move with a succession of clinking sounds.
  • छमाछम chhamā:chhām -- (nf) the sound of incessant downpour etc.
  • छरहरा chharehra: -- (a) slim and smart; of spare frame; hence छरहरापन (nm).
  • छरीदा chhari:da: -- (a) with no encumbrances, all by oneself; without bag or baggage.
  • छर्रा chharra: -- (nm) a buck shot.
  • छल chhal -- (nm) guile, deception; trick, ruse; sham.
छल-कपट -- dodge andduplicity.
छलघात -- assassination.
छलघाती -- an assassin.
छल-छंद -- guileand wile.
छलछंदी -- fraudulent, deceitful.
छल-छिद्र -- guile and wile.
छल-बल से -- by hook or crook, by fair meansor foul; fraudulently.
  • छलकना chhalaknā: -- (v) to overflow; to spill out from a full vessel(during movement).
  • छलछलाना chhalchhala:nā: -- (v) to have the eyes filled with tears; tobe on the verge of flowing out/dripping.
  • छलना chhalnā: -- (v) to cheat, to deceive; to delude, to dodge; to wile/beguile; (nf) sham, will-o-th'-wisp, illusion.
  • छलनी chhalnī: -- (nf) a sieve; strainer.
छलनी कर देना -- to batter, to riddle.
छलनी हो जाना -- to be battered/riddled.
छलनी में पानी भरना -- to square the circle; toattempt to do the impossible.
  • छलाँग chhalā:g -- (nf) a leap, bound.
छलाँग , अंधी -- a leap in the dark.
छलाँग मारना -- to leap, to bound.
  • छलावा chhala:va: -- (nm) an illusion; apparition, Will-o-th'-wisp, jack-o'-lantern.
  • छलिया chhaliya: -- (a and nm) (a) cheat, fraudulent; deceitful (person).
  • छली chhali: -- (a) cheat, fraudulent, deceitful.
  • छल्ला chhalla: -- (nm) a ring, ringlet, stirrup; washer; eye-curl.
छल्लेदार -- ringed; curly.
  • छवि chhavi -- (nf) pretty features; features; splendour, beauty; winsomeness; photograph.
छविकार -- aphotographer.
  • छह chhai, chhe, chhah -- (a) six; (nm) the number six.
छह और तीन का संबंध होना -- to be mutually estranged, tohave mutually opposed stances.
  • छहराना chhehra:nā: -- (v) to sprinkle; to spray, to shed all round.
  • छाँट chhā:ṭ -- (nf) selection; (mode of) cutting.
  • छाँटन chhā:ṭān -- (nf) parings, cuttings; prunings.
  • छाँटना chhā:ṭna: -- (v) to select, to sort out; to cut, to trim/prune; to castout, to knock off; to reduce; toretrench; to chop; to boast(knowledge of); to talk in high-flown terms (e.g. छाँटना , क़ानून).
  • छाँव chhā:v -- (nf) shade; shadow.
  • छाँह chhā:h -- (nf) shade; shadow.
छाँहदार -- shady; shadowy.
छाँह तक नछू पाना -- to be much less in excellence, to be no match at all to.
छाँह देना -- to provide shelter/patronage to.
छाँह न छूने देना -- to allow no proximity, to keep at a distance.
छाँह में बैठना -- to enjoy the patronage of, to beunder the protection of.
छाँह से बचना -- to keep away from, to evadeeven the shadow of.
  • छाक chha:k -- (nf) mid-day meals (for outdoor workers).
  • छागल chha:gal -- (nm) a hircine; (nf) a canvas water-bag; silver anklet.
  • छाछ chha:chh -- (nf) butter-milk.
  • छाजन chha:jan -- (nf) a covering, thatching; eczema.
  • छाता chha:ta: -- (nm) an umbrella.
छाताधारी -- parachute (troop); a parachutist.
  • छाती chha:ti: -- (nf) breast; chest; bosom; spirit.
छाती उठना/उभरना -- (saidof female breasts) to protrude, youthful curves to be formed.
छाती उमगना -- to be affected by an emotional upsurge.
छाती उमड़ना -- to beoverwhelmed by affectionate/tragic feelings.
छाती कठोर होना -- to beunfeeling, to be heartless.
छाती कड़ी करना -- to acquire control over feelings; to restrain oneself.
छाती कूटना -- see छाती पीटना.
छाती गज भर की होना -- tohave a heart of steel; to be puffedup with joy.
छाती छलनी होना -- the heartto be battered.
छाती जलना -- to have aheart-sore, to be under the spell ofgrief; to be in the grip of aterrible jealousy.
छाती जुड़ाना -- see छाती ठंड़ी करना.
छाती ठंड़ी करना -- to relieve oneself of one's heart-burning, toassuage one's feelings.
छाती ठंड़ी होना -- to be relieved of heart-burning; to be assuaged.
छाती ठुकना -- to feelassured.
छाती ठोक कर कहना -- to makean utterance with complete assurance; to take a pledge.
छाती तानना -- to confront without fear/with complete self-assurance.
छाती धकधक करना/छाती धड़कना -- to have one's heart inone's mouth.
छाती धुकुर-पुकुर होना -- theheart to palpitate through apprehension.
छाती निकालकर चलना -- tostalk, to strut.
छाती पकना -- to feel verysore, to be fed up.
छाती पत्थर की करना -- to mould one's heart to face theworst.
छाती पर चढ़ना -- to overpower; tonag, to keep on pestering.
छाती पर धर/लाद कर ले जाना -- to carry along(one's belongings) in one's post-mortem journey; to care toomuch for worldly belongings.
छाती पर पत्थर रखना -- to endure patiently; tostill the heaving of the heart.
छाती पर बाल होना -- .
  • छात्र chha:tr -- (nm) a student.
छात्र-अनुशासन -- student discipline.
छात्र-अनुशासनहीनता -- student indiscipline.
छात्र-आंदोलन -- student agitation; student movement.
छात्रत्व -- studentship.
छात्र-नेता -- a studentleader.
छात्रवृति -- scholarship.
  • छत्रालय chha:ttra:lay -- (nm) see छात्रावास.
  • छात्रावास chha:ttra:va:s -- (nm) a (student) hostel, boarding house.
  • छादन chha:dān -- (nf) a covering, shed.
  • छान/ना chhā:nnā: -- (v) to filter; to strain; to percolate; to sieve; todrink bhaṅg; to screen.
छान-फटक -- investigation; enquiry, sorting andsifting.
  • छानबीन chhā:nbi:n -- (nf) screening, investigation, scrutiny, probe.
  • छानबे chhā:nbe -- (a and nm) see छियानबे.
  • छाना chha:nā: -- (v) to cover, to thatch; to overwhelm, to shadow; to overspread.
छा जाना -- to over-whelm, to dominate.
  • छाप chha:p -- (nf) a print, an imprint; impression; stamp; mark; trade-mark; brand.
छाप छोड़ना -- to leave amark, to impress.
  • छापना chha:pnā: -- (v) to print; to publish; to mark.
  • छापा chha:pa: -- (nm) an imprint; a stamp; raid.
छापामार -- guerilla; a raider.
छापामार युध्द -- guerilla warfare.
छापा मारना -- to (conduct a) raid.
  • छापखाना chha:pa:ḳḥa:nā: -- (nm) a printing press.
  • छायांकन chha:ya:ṅkan -- (nm) photography.
  • छाया chha:ya: -- (nf) a shadow; shade; image; reflection; influence; resemblance; protection; phantom; adumbration.
छाया और प्रकाश -- light andshade.
छायाकार -- photographer.
छाया-चित्र -- a silhouette.
छायादेह -- intangibleform.
छायानुवाद -- shadow translation, a translation carrying onlyan overall impression of the original.
छायालोक -- abstract/unreal/intangible world.
छायावाद -- a romanticmovement in early modern Hindipoetry.
छाया छूना -- to pursue the unreal.
छाया की तरह साथ रहना -- to shadowconstantly.
छाया न छू पाना -- to be no-where near, to be far behind inexcellence.
छाया से दूर रहना -- to keepaway (from), to evade the shadow(of).
  • छायामय chha:ya:may -- (a) shadowy; shady.
  • छार chha:r -- (nf) ash; dust, powder; small fragments.
छार-छार होना -- to bereduced to small fragments.
छार होना -- to be reduced to ashes; to be.
  • छाल chha:l -- (nf) bark.
  • छाला chha:la: -- (nm) a blister, burn.
छाले पड़ना/होना -- to have blisters.
  • छलिया chha:liya: -- (nf) betelnut, betelnut parings.
  • छाली chha:li: -- (nf) cream of boiled milk; betelnut or its parings.
  • छावनी chha:vnī: -- (nf) cantonment, temporary or permanent trooplodging.
  • छिंगुनी chhīgunī: -- (nf) see छँगुनी.
  • छिः-छिः chhih-chhih -- (int) fie !, pish !, tut ! (nf) infantile faeces.
  • छिछड़ा chhichhṛa: -- (nm) waste meat fragments, waste fibrous; fragmentsin a soup.
  • छिछला chhichhla: -- (a) shallow.
छिछलापन -- shallowness.
  • छिछोर/पन, छिछोरपना chhichhorpān, ~panā: -- (nm) frivolity, triviality, pettiness.
  • छिछोरा chhichhora: -- (a) frivolous, trivial, petty.
छिछोरापन -- see छिछोरपन.
  • छिटकना chhiṭaknā: -- (v) to be scattered; to be spread; to be diffused all round.
  • छिड़कना chhiṛaknā: -- (v) to sprinkle or spray; to water (by sprinkling); to asperse (with).
  • छिड़काव chhiṛka:v -- (nm) sprinkling or spraying; watering (by sprinkling); aspersing.
  • छिड़ना chhiṛnā: -- (v) to be commenced, to begin, to start; to break out(as युध्द); to be teased/harassed.
  • छितराना chhitra:nā: -- (v) to disperse, to scatter; to be dispersed/scattered.
  • छितराव chhitra:v -- (nm) sparseness, diffusedness.
  • छिदना chhidnā: -- (v) to be pierced; to be perforated; to be bored.
  • छिदरा chhidra: -- (a) bored, perforated; thinned.
छिदराना -- to be thinned; to beperforated.
  • छिद्र chhiddr -- (nm) pore; bore; slot, aperture, opening; defect, flaw.
छिद्रदर्शी -- a fault-finder; fault-finding.
  • छिद्रान्वे/वण chhiddra:nnveshāṉ -- (nm) fault-finding.
छिद्रान्वेषी -- a fault-finder; fault-finding.
छिद्रान्वेषण करना -- to pickholes in, to find fault with.
  • छिद्रित chhiddrit -- (a) bored; perforated.
  • छिद्रिल chhiddril -- (a) having bores/perforation, perforated.
  • छिनकना chhinaknā: -- (v) to blow out the nose, to spurt mucus out ofthe nose.
  • छिनना chhinanā: -- (v) to be seized (from), to be wrested/snatchedaway.
  • छिनाल chhina:l -- (a and nf) sluttish; dissolute; a woman of easy virtue, trollop; hence छिनालपन (nm).
  • छिनाला chhina:la: -- (nm) sluttishness, dissoluteness; immoral sex-indulgence.
  • छिन्न chhinn -- (a) incised; rent; cut off; chopped off.
छिन्न-भिन्न -- cut; broken; scattered, shattered.
छिन्नमूल -- cut up from the root, uprooted.
  • छिपकली chhipkali: -- (nf) a lizard; a hateful creature.
  • छिपना chhipnā: -- (v) to hide, to lurk; to set; to be covered.
छिपा रुस्तम -- adark horse; pseudo-gentleman.
छिपे-छॢपे -- stealthily, clandestinely.
  • छिपाना chhipa:nā: -- (v) to hide, to conceal; to cover/screen; to disguise.
  • छिपाव chhipa:v -- (nm) concealment; secrecy; hiding; reservation.
  • छियानबेवे chhiyā:nbe -- (ve) (a) ninety-six; (nm) the number ninety-six.
  • छियालीस chhiya:li:s -- (a) forty-six; (nm) the number forty-six.
  • छियासी chhiya:si: -- (a) eighty-six; (nm) the number eighty-six.
  • छिलका chhilka: -- (nm) the peel, skin; husk; bark; shell.
  • छिलना chhilnā: -- (v) to be bruised or scratched; to be excoriated; to bepeeled; the skin to be taken off.
  • छिलाई chhila:i: -- (nf) the act or process of excoriating/peeling/taking off the skin; the chargespaid therefor.
  • छिहयत्तर chhihayattar -- (a) seventy-six; (nm) the number seventy-six.
  • छिंक chhī:k -- (nf) a sneeze, sternutation.
छिंक होना -- occurrence of a sneeze (portending evil).
  • छींकना chhī:knā: -- (v) to sneeze, to sternutate.
छिंकते नाक कटना -- to beover-penalised for a petty fault.
  • छिंका chhī:ka: -- (nm) a hanging pot-rest.
छिंका टूटना -- to have a windfall, to have an unexpected fortune.
  • छींट chhī:ṭ -- (nf) chintz.
  • छींटा chhī:ṭa: -- (nm) a sprinkle; splash; bespattering; slight shower (ofrain); aspersion, ironical remark.
छींटाकशी -- (casting of) aspersion, ironical utterance.
छींटा फेंकना -- to castaspersion, to ridicule.
  • छॣ chhi: -- (int) fie !, pish!; tut!; (nf) infantile faeces.
छॣ-छी करना -- tocondemn; to express disgust orcontempt; to discharge faeces (asby a child).
  • छीछालेददार chhi:chha:ledada:r -- (nf) humiliation; embarrasment; disgrace; muck; mess.
  • छीज chhi:j -- (nf) decay, wearing away; wastage; loss.
  • छीजन chhi:jān -- (nf) decay, wearing away; wastage; leakage, reduction; loss.
  • छीजना chhi:jnā: -- (v) to decay; to wear away; to dwindle, to reduce; to be wasted.
  • छीनना chhi:nnā: -- (v) to snatch, to grab, to seize.
छीना-झपटी -- grabbingand scrambling, scramble.
  • छीलन chhi:lān -- (nm) scrappings; shavings; chippings.
  • छीलना chhi:lnā: -- (v) to scrap; to scratch; to shave; to chip; to peel; to take off the skin; to bruise.
  • छुआछूत chhua:chhu:t -- (nf) untouchability; consideration of touchability and untouchability.
  • छुईमुई chhui:mui: -- (nf) touch-me-not—Mimosa pudica; a kid-glove, an over-sensitive/over-dainty/over-delicate person.
  • छुट chhuṭ -- an allomorph of छोटा used as the first member in severalcompound words.
छुटपन (छुटपना) -- smallness, pettiness; boyhood, childhood; young age.
छुटपुट -- stray; minor.
छुटभैया -- a petty person, jackstraw.
  • छुटकारा chhuṭka:ra: -- (nm) riddance; acquittal, release, liberation.
  • छुटाई chhuṭa:i: -- (nf) see छोटाई.
  • छुटौती chhuṭauti: -- (nf) a ransom.
  • छुट्टा chhuṭṭa: -- (a) loose, not tied, not in a lump or group or companyetc.; free; in small denomination(change etc); (nm) small change.
  • छुट्टी chhuṭṭi: -- (nf) leave; holiday; release; permission to leave.
छुट्टी करना -- to call it a day; to dismiss(from service etc); to destroy.
छुट्टी मनाना -- to celebrate a holiday.
  • छुड़ाई chhuṛa:i: -- (nf) release; a ransom.
  • छुड़ाना chhuṛa:nā: -- (v) to get released; to cause to set free; to cause togive up; to take delivery; to discharge; to remove.
  • छुतहा chhutaha: -- (a) contagious, carrying contagion.
छुतहा अस्पताल -- contagious diseases hospital.
छुतहा रोग -- a contagious disease.
  • छुरा chhura: -- (nm) a razor; dagger.
छुरेबाज़ी -- infliction or exchange ofdagger-blow(s).
  • छुरी chhuri: -- (nf) a knife; small.
  • छुहारा chhuha:ra: -- (nm) a date-palm.
  • छँछा chhū:chha: -- (a) empty; unsubstantial.
छँछा पड़ना -- to prove ineffective; to grow ineffectual.
  • छू chhu: -- (nf) sudden outblow of a gush of air from the mouth (asduring incantation, conjuration, enchantment, magic, etc).
छूमंतर -- an incantation; a charm; heypresto !.
छू करना -- to exorcise, topronounce an incantation andblow upon; to cause to disappear, to vanish.
छू बनना -- to disappear, tovanish (said of animate objects).
छूमंतर होना -- (said of person, pain, etc.) to disappear forthwith, tovanish.
  • छूट chhu:ṭ -- (nf) rebate, discount; allowance; concession; riddance; release; remission; exemption; relaxation; liberty.
  • छूटना chhu:ṭnā: -- (v) to be left behind or out; to lag; to be dismissed/discharged or released; to get ridof; to be abandoned.
छूटा (हुआ) साँड़ -- lit. a freely moving bull—arobust carefree man without encumbrances.
  • छूत chhu:t -- (nf) contagion: contamination.
छूत की बीमारी -- contagious disease.
  • छूना chhu:nā: -- (v) to touch; to feel.
  • छेकना chheknā: -- (v) to discriminate against; to leave out; to obstruct.
  • छेकानुप्रास chheka:nuppra:s -- (nm) compound alliteration.
  • छेड़ chheṛ -- (nf) teasing, offending; pricks, pranks.
  • छेड़खानी chheṛḳḥa:nī: -- (nf) act of teasing or provoking; offensiveactivity; raillery; pranks.
  • छेड़छाड़ chheṛchha:ṛ -- (nf) provocation; molestation; teasing; pricks and pranks.
  • छेड़ना chheṛnā: -- (v) to tease, to irritate; to meddle; to disturb, to stir up; to commence (a work).
  • छेद chhed -- (nm) a hole, bore; perforation; opening; incision, puncture.
छेददार -- perforated; bored; having hole(s)/opening(s).
  • छेदना chhednā: -- (v) to bore, to make a hole; to perforate, to pierce; toincise.
  • छेना chhenā: -- (nm) a kind of cheese.
  • छेनी chhenī: -- (nm) a chisel.
  • छेल chhail -- an allomorph of छैला (see).
  • छैला chhaila: -- (nm) a dandy, foppish person; (a) dandical, foppish; also छैल-चिकनिया.
छैल-छबीला; -- hence छैलापन (nm).
  • छोकरा chhokra: -- (nm) a lad, boy.
  • छोटा chhoṭa: -- (a) small; little; short; young(er); petty; subordinate; junior; insignificant.
छोटा आदमी -- asmall man, petty person; commonman.
छोटापन -- smallness, pettiness.
छोटा-बड़ा -- young and old; rich and poor.
छोटा-मोटा -- petty, minor, insignificant, ordinary.
छोटा गिनना -- to consider asinsignificant, to consider to be ofno consequence.
छोटा बनाना -- to humiliate, to debase.
छोटा मुँह बड़ी बात -- proud words from a week stomach.
छोटे से ही सब बड़े होते है -- lads will bemen.
  • छोटाई chhoṭa:i: -- (nf) smallness, pettiness; shortness; juniority.
  • छोटी chhoṭi: -- (a) feminine form of छोटा.
छोटी जाति -- low(er) cast.
छोटी बात -- petty utterance; petty matter.
छोटी हाजिरी -- breakfast.
  • छोड़ना chhoṛnā: -- (v) to leave; to abandon.
  • छोर chhor -- (nm) the end, fag end; extremity; edge.
  • छोरा chhora: -- (nm) a lad.
  • छोलदारी chholda:ri: -- (nf) a small tent.
  • छोह chhoh -- (nf) affection; compassion.
  • छौंक chhāūk -- (nf) seasoning (pulse, vegetable, etc.) with boiled ghee/oil and spices.
छौंक भी न होना -- to beutterly insufficient/inadequate.
  • छौंकना chhāūknā: -- (v) to season (see छौंक).
  • छौना chhaunā: -- (nm) a young one.
  • ज ja -- the third letter of the second pentad (i.e. चवर्ग) of the Devna:gri: alphabet; a suffix denoting thesense of born of (as जलज, अंडज, वातज, etc.).
  • जंकशन jaṅkshān -- (nm) a (railway) junction.
  • जंग jaṅg -- (nf) a war, battle, fight.
जंगबाज़ -- a war-monger.
जंगबाज़ी -- war-mongering.
  • जंग zaṅg -- (nm) rust.
जंगदार -- rusted, rust-eaten.
जंग लगना -- to get rusted, to be eaten up by rust; to turn ineffective (by disuse).
  • जंगम jaṅgām -- (a) moving; movable.
जंगम संपत्ति -- movable property.
  • जंगल jaṅgal -- (nm) a forest, wood; wilderness.
जंगल में मंगल -- a paradise inwilderness.
जंगल में मोर नाचा किसने देखा -- wood in a wilderness, moss in amountain and wit in a poorman's breast are little thought of.
  • जंजँगला jaṅjāgla: -- (nm) grating; railing; fence/fencing; balustrade; a grille or bar-fitted window.
  • जंगली jaṅgli: -- (a) savage; wild; beastly.
जंगली जानवर -- a wild beast; savage.
  • जंगी jaṅgi: -- (a) martial, relating to war; huge, large.
जंगी जवान -- a giganticyoungman.
जंगी जहाज़ -- a man of war, battleship.
जंगी बेड़ा -- a naval fleet.
जंगी लाट -- commander-in-chief (underBritish rule).
  • जंघा jaṅgha: -- (nf) a thigh.
  • जँचना jāchnā: -- (v) to be examined; to be valued; to appeal; to look attractive/befitting.
  • जंजाल jaṇja:l -- (nm) botheration; entanglement; embarrassment; cares, trouble; fuss; (nf) a small cannon.
  • जंजाली jaṇja:li: -- (a) fussy; troublesome, occasioning botheration.
  • ज़ंजीर zanji:r -- (nf) a chain; shackle.
  • जंतर jantar -- (nm) an amulet, philter.
जंतर-मंतर -- an observatory; witchcraft, conjuring.
  • जंतरी jantri: -- (nf) an almanac.
  • जंतु jantu -- (nm) a creature, an animal.
  • जंबुद्वीप jambudwi:p -- (nm) the name of one of the seven ancient continental divisions of the world; thecentral part of the above divisionsincluding India. [According tosome it is an ancient name for.
  • जंबूर jambu:r -- (nm) pliers.
  • जँबूरा jambu:ra: -- (nm) claw bar, pliers.
  • जँभाई jābha:i: -- (nf) yawning, a yawn.
जँभाई लेना -- to yawn.
  • जँभाना jābha:nā: -- (v) to yawn.
  • जई jai: -- (nf) oat; new shoots of barley.
  • जई/फ़ zai:f -- (a) old; weak, infirm.
जईफ़ी -- senility; weakness; infirmity.
  • जक jak -- (nf) obstinacy; mania, incessant insistence.
  • जकड़ jakaṛ -- (nf) grip, tight grasp, firm hold.
जकड़न -- inflexibility, immobility.
जकड़बंदी -- firm hold.
  • जकड़ना jakaṛnā: -- (v) to grasp, to hold firmly; to tighten.
  • जकात jaka:t -- (nf) octroi, octroi-duty.
जकातघर -- octroi post.
जकाती -- octroi collector.
  • जका/र jaka:r -- (nm) the letter ज (ja) and its sound.
जकारांत -- (a word) ending in ज् (j).
  • ज़ख़ी/रा zaḳḥi:ra: -- (nm) stock, store; hoard.
ज़ख़ीरेबाज़ -- a hoarder.
ज़ख़ीरेबाज़ी -- hoarding.
  • जख़्म zaḳḥm -- (nm) a wound, cut, injury; ulcer.
जख़्म-ए-जिगर -- an emotional wound.
जख़्म ताज़ा/हरा होना -- an oldwound to be revived.
जख़्म पर नमकछिड़कना -- to afflict the afflicted; toadd insult to injury.
  • ज़ख्मी zaḳḥmī: -- (a) wounded, hurt, injured.
  • जग jag -- (nm) the world, universe; people.
जगप्रसिद्ध -- world renowned:जगबीती others' tales/experiences.
जगहँसाई -- popular ridicule/mockery; open calumny.
  • जगजगाना jagjaga:nā: -- (v) see जगमगाना.
  • जगत jagat -- (nm) the world, universe; (nf) a raised circular curb (arounda well).
जगतगुरु (जगद्गुरु) -- a title ofcertain Hindu scholarly priests (4in number); preceptor of theuniverse.
जगतपति -- master of the universe—God.
जगतपिता -- Creator of the universe.
जगतप्रसिद्ध -- world renowned, of world fame.
  • जगती jagti: -- (nf) the world; earth; mankind.
  • जगदीश jagdi:sh -- (nm) the Lord of the World, Lord Vishṉū.
  • जगदीश्वर jagdi:shvar -- (nm) see जगदीश.
  • जगना jagnā: -- (v) to wake up, to awaken; to be aroused.
  • जगन्नियंता jagānnīyānta: -- (nm) the Almighty, the Controller of the world.
  • जगमग jagmag -- (a) refulgent, shining, glittering, glimmering; also जगजग.
  • जगमगाना jagmaga:nā: -- (v) to be refulgent, to glitter, to shine, to gleam.
  • जगमगाहट jagmaga:haṭ -- (nf) refulgence, glitter, shine, gleam, glimmer.
  • जगर-मगर jagar-magar -- (a) see जगमग.
  • जगराता jagra:ta: -- (nm) see रत(जगराताजगा).
  • जगह jageh -- (nf) place; space, quarter; post.
जगह-जगह -- everywhere.
  • जगात jaga:t -- (nf) see जकात.
  • जगाना jaga:nā: -- (v) to wake up, to awaken; to arouse.
  • जगार jaga:r -- (nf) wake; state of being or keeping awake.
  • जघन्य jaghānny -- (a) low; detestable, abominable; heinous; hence जघन्यता (nf).
  • ज़च्चा zachcha: -- (nf) a woman in post-delivery confinement.
ज़च्चाख़ाना/घर -- maternity home.
ज़च्चा-बच्चा -- the new-born and the mother in confinement.
  • ज/ज jaj -- (nm) a judge.
जजी -- a judge's court; judgeship; the post or function of a judge.
  • जजमा/न jajmā:n -- (nm) see यजमान.
जजमानी -- see यजमानी.
  • जज़िया jaziya: -- (nm) a levy imposed.
  • जज़ीरा jazi:ra: -- (nm) an island.
  • जज़्ब jazb -- (a) absorbed; assimilated.
  • जज़्बा jazba: -- (nm) an emotion, feeling; passion; (जज़्बात plural).
जज़्बाती -- emotional.
जज़्बात को भड़काना -- to fanthe flame of passion, to blow thecoals.
  • जटा jaṭa: -- (nf) mated or tangled hair; fibrous root.
जटाजूट -- mattedhair rolled up over the head.
जटाधारी -- wearing matted hair rolledup; an ascetic.
  • जटित jaṭit -- (a) studded, imbedded with.
  • जटिल jaṭil -- (a) intricate, complicated; inaccessible.
जटिलता -- intricacy, complication.
  • जठ/र jaṭḥar -- (nm) the stomach.
जठराग्नि -- digestive fire of thestomach.
जठरानल -- same as जठराग्नि.
  • जड़ jaṛ -- (nf) root; (a) inanimate, immovable, inert; idiot, stupid.
जड़-चेतन -- the animate and the inanimate.
जड़ जगत -- the inanimate world.
जड़ पदार्थ -- matter.
जड़बुद्धि/मति -- idiot; stupid.
जड़बुद्धिता -- idiocy.
जड़वाद/जड़वादिता -- materialism.
जड़वादी -- amaterialist; materialistic.
जड़ उखाड़ना -- to root out, to strike at the root; to destroy completely.
जड़ काट कर तने को पानी देना -- to cut the rootand water the leaves.
जड़ काटना/खोदना -- to undermine, to eat intothe vitals of; to inflict heavy damage.
जड़ जमना/पकड़ना -- to strike deeproots; to establish; to consolidate(oneself).
जड़-पेड़/मूल से -- root and branch; thoroughly.
जड़ हिला देना -- tocause a thorough shake-up, toshake the foundation (of).
  • जड़त jaṛat -- (nf) inlay, insetting.
  • जड़ता jaṛta: -- (nf) inertia, torpor; insensibility; idiocy, stupidity; stupefaction.
  • जड़त्व jaṛattv -- (nm) see जड़ता.
  • जड़ना jaṛnā: -- (v) to stud; to inlay; to fix, to set; to mount (as a तसवीर); to put in; to lay on (as तमाचा).
  • जड़ाई jaṛa:i: -- (nf) the act or process of setting/inlaying; the wages orcharges paid for setting/inlaying.
  • जड़ाऊ jaṛa:u: -- (a) studded or inset with jewels.
  • जड़ात्मवा/द jaṛa:tmva:d -- (nm) animism.
जड़ात्मवादी -- an animist; animistic.
  • जड़ावर jaṛa:war -- (nf) warm clothings.
  • जड़िमा jaṛimā: -- (nf) stupor, torpor; insensibility; stupidity.
  • जड़िया jaṛiya: -- (nm) a setter (of jewels etc.); an expert in insetting.
  • जड़ी jaṛi: -- (nf) a simple, medicinal root.
जड़ी-बूटी -- medicinal herbs, simples.
  • जड़ीभूत jaṛi:bhu:t -- (a) stupefied, rendered inert and inactive.
  • जताना jata:nā: -- (v) to apprise, to make known; to warn.
  • जत्था jattha: -- (nm) a band; gang; flock.
जत्थाबंदी -- formation into groupsor bands.
जत्थेदार -- a group-leader(amongst sikhs).
  • ज़द zad -- (nf) striking range, range.
  • ज़दा zada: -- —a suffix used to mean afflicted by (as ग़मज़दा, मुसीबतज़दा).
  • जद्दोजहद jaddojehad -- (nf) struggle, hard endeavour.
  • जन jān -- (nm) people; public; folk.
जन-आंदोलन -- popular movement.
जनगणना -- census.
जन-जन -- each andevery person.
जन-जागरण -- renaissance, popular awakening.
जनजीवन -- publiclife; public living.
जनतंत्र -- democracy.
जनतंत्रवाद -- democracy.
जनतंत्रीय -- democratic(al).
जनतांत्रिक -- democratic(al).
जन-धन -- men andmoney.
जनपद -- rural region.
जनपदीय -- regional.
जन-प्रवाद -- popular/publicrumour.
जनप्रिय -- popular.
जनमत -- .
  • ज़न zan -- (nf) a woman; a suffix meaning one or that which inflictsor strikes (as राहज़न ज़न one whostrikes on the way i.e. one whowaylays).
  • जनक janāk -- (nm) father; procreator, originator; used as a suffix tomean causing or bringing forth(as खेदजनक, निराशाजनक).
  • ज़नख़ा zanḳḥa: -- (nm) a eunuch, womanly man.
  • जन/जाति janja:ti -- (nf) a tribe.
जनजातीय -- tribal.
  • जनता janta: -- (nm) the public, people, masses.
जनता-जनार्दन -- the people symbolising God.
  • जनन janān -- (nm) procreation, procreating; generation, generating; production, producing.
जनन-क्षमता -- potency, generating/productive/procreative power.
  • जनना jannā: -- (v) to (re) produce; to give birth (to), to bear.
  • जननायक janna:yak -- (nm) a popular hero, leader of the people.
  • जननी janni: -- (nf) mother, progenitrix.
  • जननेंद्रिय jananēndriy -- (nf) sex organ, genitals.
  • जनवरी janwari: -- (nf) (the month of January.
  • जनांतिक janā:ntik -- (nm) aside (in a drama).
  • जना jana: -- (a) produced; procreated: (nm) person, individual (as कितनेजने आयेंगे ?).
  • जनाकीर्ण jana:ki:rṉ -- (a) crowded; thickly populated; hence जनाकीर्णता (nf).
  • जनाज़ा jana:za: -- (nm) the corpse wrapped in a coffin-cloth; bier(With the corpse laid on it).
  • ज़नानख़ाना zanā:nḳḥa:nā: -- (nm) the harem, seraglio; zenana, femaleapartment.
  • ज़नाना zana:nā: -- (a) female, feminine; impotent; (nm) female apartment; a eunuch.
ज़नानापन -- effeminacy; impotence; hence ज़नानी ज़नाना राज petticoat rule/government.
  • जनाब jana:b -- (a) and nm) mister; (int) Sir !, Your Excellency !.
जनाब आली -- Sir, Your Honour !, Your Excellency !.
जनाबे मन, -- Sir, respected Sir!.
  • जनित janit -- (a) produced/generated (by); caused (by), procreated (by).
  • जनेऊ janeu: -- (nm) the sacred or sacrificial thread worn by theHindu:s.
  • जनोपयोगी janopyogi: -- (a) of public utility.
जनोपयोगी सेवाएँ -- public utility services.
  • जन्नत jannāt -- (nf) paradise, heaven.
जन्नत की हूर -- a celestial damsel/beauty.
  • जन्म janm -- (nm) birth; origin; genesis.
जन्मकुंडली -- a short horoscope.
जन्मगत -- by or relating to birth; innate; inborn.
जन्मतिथि -- date of birth.
जन्मदाता -- progenitor; father; originator.
जन्म-दर -- birth-rate.
जन्म-दिन/दिवस -- birth-day.
जन्मनाम -- christian name.
जन्मपत्र/पत्रिका/पत्री -- a horoscope.
जन्मभूमि -- motherland.
जन्म-मरण -- birthand death.
जन्मस्थान -- birth-place.
जन्म गँवाना -- to waste one's life.
  • जन्मजात janmāja:t -- (a) congenital; inherent, innate.
  • जन्ना janmanā: -- (ind) by birth; (v) to be born.
  • जन्मांतर janmā:ntar -- (nm) another birth.
जन्मांतरवाद -- doctrine of rebirth; hence जन्मांतरवादी (a and nm).
  • जन्मांध janmā:ndh -- (a) blind since birth, born blind; hence जन्मांधता (nf).
  • जन्माष्टमी janmā:shṭmī: -- (nf) the eighth day of the dark half of themonth of भादों when LordKrinhṉā is supposed to have beenborn.
  • जन्मोत्तर janmottar -- (a) post-natal, after birth.
  • जन्मोत्सव janmotsav -- (nm) birth-day celebration.
  • जन्य janny -- (a) born, produced/generated; used as a suffix meaning —generated by or born of (as युध्दजन्य, परीस्थितिजन्य).
  • जप jap -- (nm) adoration by way of repeating passages from scriptures, sacred formulae or a deity's name, etc.
जप-तप -- worship, adoration; devotion.
जपमाला -- a rosary.
  • जप/ना japnā: -- (v) to murmur or to utter quiet prayers; to repeat reverentially (God's name as a sacredformula).
जपनीय -- worth repeatingby way of adoration.
  • जपित japit -- (a) whispered (sound).
  • जफ़ा jafa: -- (nf) excess; tyranny.
  • जब jab -- (adv) when.
जब कभी -- whenever; sometimes.
जबकि -- when; whenever, at whatever time.
जब-तब -- sometime; at times; imminent.
जब अपनी उतरी तो दूसरे की उतारते क्यादेर ? -- beware of him who regardsnot his reputation.
जब उतर गई लोईतो क्या करेगा कोई -- the shamelessdread no society.
जब तक गंगा (जमना) की धारा बहती है -- as long as theGanges (and the Jamuna) flows(flow), for all times to come.
जब तक ज़हरमुहरा आएगा, साँप का काटामर जाएगा -- the steed will die tillthe grass grows.
जब तक साँस तब तकआस -- as long as there is life thereis hope.
  • जबड़ा jabṛa: -- (nm) a jaw.
जबड़ातोड़ -- jaw-breaking; a jaw-breaker (said of a word difficult to pronounce).
  • ज़बर zabar -- (a) strong; huge.
ज़बर मारे और रोने न दे -- the mighty hits andpermits no bewailing.
  • ज़बरद/स्त zabardast -- (a) strong, powerful; vigorous, violent; high-handed.
ज़बरदस्ती -- high-handedness; injustice; by force, forcibly.
  • ज़बरन zabrān -- (adv) by force, forcibly.
  • ज़बह zabeh -- (nm) slaughtering, slaughter.
ज़बह करना -- to slaughter.
  • ज़बान zabā:n -- (nf) tongue; language.
ज़बानदराज़ -- loquacious, sharp-tongued.
ज़बानदराज़ी -- loquaciousness, waggingof one's tongue.
ज़बानदाँ -- expert of alanguage.
ज़बानदानी -- linguistic expertise.
ज़बान का कड्डआ(वा) -- bitter-tongued.
ज़बान का तेज़ -- sharp-tongued.
ज़बान का मीठा -- honey-tongued; sweet-tongued.
ज़बान का शेर -- bold only in speech.
ज़बान केनीचे ज़बान होना -- to be double-tongued.
ज़बान काँटा होना -- the tongue tobecome senseless through thirst, tobe very thirsty.
ज़बान काटना -- to expressa sense of surprise/repentance(through holding the tongue between the teeth); to render mute/speechless.
ज़बान कैची-सी चलना -- the tongue to run on wheels; to tailnineteen to the dozen.
ज़बान को लगामज़रुरी है -- a bridle for the tongue isa necessary piece of furniture.
ज़बान कोलगाम देना -- to stop one's gab, tohold one's tongue.
ज़बान ख़ल्क नक़्क़ाराख़ुदा -- public voice is God's voice.
ज़बान खींचना -- to pull out somebody's.
  • ज़बानी zaba:nī: -- (a) oral, verbal; unwritten; (adv) orally, verbally.
ज़बानी जमा-खर्च -- sweet nothings, superficial utterances; tall talk.
  • ज़ब्त zabt -- (a) forfeited, confiscated, impounded; (nm) forbearance, restraint.
ज़ब्तशुदा -- forfeited, confiscated.
ज़ब्ती -- confiscation, forfeiture.
ज़ब्त करना -- to exercise restraint; toconfiscate.
  • जमघट jamghaṭ -- (nm) crowded assembly; multitude.
  • जमना jamnā: -- (v) to freeze; to solidify, to become firm or hard; to clot; to be established/settled; tosettle; to have a prolonged sitting, to sit for long; to be fixed; totake root; to be effective; (nf) the river यमुना.
जमे रहना -- to nailcolours to mast, to refuse toclimb down, to stick to one'sguns.
  • जमा jamā: -- (a) collected, deposited; (nm) deposit; credit; accumulation; sum-total.
जमा-ख़र्च -- debit and credit; receipts and disbursements.
जमाख़ातीर -- reassurance.
जमाख़ातीर रखना -- to rest assured.
जमा-जथा -- accumulations, accumulatedwealth.
जमा-पूँजी -- total accumulation.
जमामार -- one who misappropriates; abad debtor; dishonest.
जमा-ख़र्च करना -- to account for debts and credits; to prepare the accounts.
जमा मारना -- to misappropriate.
  • जमाई jama:i: -- (nm) a son-in-law.
जमाई राजा -- .
  • जमात jamā:t -- (nf) a class (in a school), assembly; group.
  • जमादा/र jamā:da:r -- (nm) a jamadar, head of a group; sweeper.
जमादारी -- profession of a jamadar; actingas head of a group.
  • ज़मानत zamā:nāt -- (nf) surety; bail; security; guarantee.
ज़मानतदार -- a guarantor, surety.
ज़मानतनामा -- surety-bond.
  • ज़मानती zamā:nati: -- (a) bailable; guaranteeing; (nm) a surety, guarantor.
  • जमाना jamā:nā: -- (v) transitive verbal form of जमना (see).
  • ज़माना zamā:na: -- (nm) time(s), age, period; present-day world; fortunate times.
ज़मानासाज़ -- a temporizer; time-server.
ज़मानासाज़ी -- temporization; time-serving mentality.
ज़माना उलटना -- times to turn radically, a pervertedera to dawn.
ज़माना छानना -- to make athorough search.
ज़माना देखना -- to acquirewide experience.
ज़माना देखे होना -- to bewidely experienced; to have under-gone all sorts of experiences.
ज़माना पलटना/बदलना -- the tide to take aturn.
ज़माना बीत जाना/लद जाना -- good olddays to be over, the golden timesto be past.
ज़माने का मारा हुआ -- beaten in the struggle of life, done for.
ज़माने का रुख़ देखना -- tohave/keep an ear to the ground, to watch which way the windblows.
ज़माने की गर्दिश -- temporalvicissitudes.
ज़माने की हवा लगना -- to be affected by the (changing) times, to adopt (oneself) according to the wind of times.
ज़माना के साथ क़दम मिलाकर चलना -- to gowith the tide/times.
  • जमाल jama:l -- (nm) glory; elegance, prettiness.
  • जमालगोटा jama:lgoṭa: -- (nm) a purgative nut—Croten tiglium.
  • जमाव jama:v -- (nm) assembly, gathering; setting up, concentration; accumulation.
  • जमावड़ा jama:vṛa: -- (nm) assembly, gathering; concentration; accumulation.
  • ज़मीं zamī: -- (nf) see ज़मीन.
  • ज़मींकंद zamī:kānd -- (nm) a vegetable—elephant's foot.
  • ज़मींदार zamī:da:r: -- (nm) a landlord; cultivator.
  • ज़मींदारी jamī:da:ri: -- (nf) zamindari, landlordism; landed estate; cultivation.
  • ज़मींदोज़ zami:doz -- (a) subterranean, subearthen.
  • ज़मीन zamī:n -- (nf) the earth; land, ground; ground work; background.
ज़मीन-आसमान एक करना -- to leave nostone unturned, to make allpossible efforts.
ज़मीन-आसमान का फ़र्क -- as wide asunder as heaven andearth, world of/fundamental difference.
ज़मीन-आसमान के कुलाबे मिलाना -- tospeak of heaven and earth in onebreath; to speak in hyperboles; totry one's level best.
ज़मीन का पाँव तले सेखिसक जाना -- to be stunned out ofwits.
ज़मीन चटाना/दिखाना -- to fell/throwflat.
ज़मीन चूमना -- to lie prostrate; to befelled by face.
ज़मीन तैयार करना -- toprepare the ground (for).
ज़मीन नापना -- to wander in search of employment.
ज़मीन पर पाँव/पैर न पड़ना -- to feelinflated, to be puffed up withpride.
ज़मीन में गड़ जाना -- to be bashfullyembarrassed, to be deeply ashamed/sheepish.
  • ज़मीर zami:r -- (nm) the conscience; inner self.
ज़मीरफ़रोश -- conscience-seller; hence ज़मीरफ़रोशी (nf).
  • जमुना jamunā: -- (nf) the river yamuna:.
  • जम्हाई jamha:i: -- (nf) yawning.
जम्हाई लेना -- to yawn.
  • जम्हाना jamhā:nā: -- (v) to yawn.
  • जयंती jayānti: -- (nf) (birth) anniversary; jubilee.
  • जय jay -- (nf) conquest, victory; triumph; (a) used as a suffix in compound words meaning, one who has achieved a victory or hastriumphed over (e.g. मृत्युंजय, धनंजय, etc). (int) bravo ! hurrah !.
जयघोष -- applause, applausive shouts, cheering approbation.
जयध्वज -- bannerof victory.
जयध्वनि -- see जयघोष.
जय-पराजय -- victory and defeat.
जयमाल/माला -- a bay, garland symbolic oftriumph; garland put by thebride round the neck of the bride-groom.
जयलक्ष्मी/श्री -- victory.
  • जयकार jayka:r -- (nm) applause, applausive shouts, cheers hailing victory.
  • जयजयकार jayjayka:r -- (nf) triumphal cheers, applausive shouts, applausehailing a victory.
  • जयिष्णु jayishṉū -- (a) one who conquers/achieves victory, ever-victorious.
  • जयी jayi: -- (a) winner, victorious; (nm) a conqueror.
  • ज़र zar -- (nm) wealth, riches, gold.
ज़रख़रीद -- purchased, bought.
ज़रख़ेज़ -- fertile.
ज़रख़ेज़ी -- fertility.
ज़रदोज़ -- embroidered (with gold).
ज़रदोज़ी -- (golden) embroidery.
  • ज़रदा zarda: -- (nm) scented and specially prepared tobacoo; a special dish of rice treated with saffron.
  • ज़रदुश्त zardusht -- (nm) the founder of the fire-worshipping 'Pa:rasi:'religion and author of the scripture 'Zend Avesta'.
  • जरनैल jarnail -- (nm) a generla.
  • ज़रब zarab -- (nm) trauma; blow; stroke; crack; multiplication.
ज़रब-तकसीम -- multiplication and division.
ज़रब आना -- to develop a crack, to beinjured.
ज़रब देना -- to inflict a blow/stroke; to multiply.
  • जरसी jarsi: -- (nf) a jersey.
  • जरा jara: -- (nf) old age, senility.
जराग्रस्त -- aged, decrepit.
जराजीर्ण -- age-worn, decrepit.
  • ज़रा zara: -- (a) a little, a bit, slight; (adv) for a while; slightly; just (as ज़रा ठहरो just wait); please, kindly(as ज़रा मेरे साथ चलो).
ज़रा-ज़रा -- in bits; petty, trivial.
ज़रा-ज़रा-सी बात पर तुनक उठने वाला -- like a hen with onechicken, absurdly fussy.
ज़रा-सा -- some; small, a small quantity.
  • जरायमपेशा jara:yāmpesha: -- (a) criminal, of criminal profession.
जरायमपेशा कबीला -- a criminal tribe.
  • जरायु jara:yu -- (nm) placenta.
जरायुज -- placental.
  • जरासीम jara:si:m -- (nm) germs.
  • ज़रि/या zariya: -- (nm) means; medium, instrument.
ज़रिये, के -- through, through the agency of.
  • ज़रिया zari:ya: -- (nm) see ज़रिया.
  • ज़री zari: -- (nf) gold brocade, gold lace.
  • जरीब jari:b -- (nm) a land-measuring chain.
  • ज़रुर zaru:r -- (adv) certainly, undoubtedly, positively; without fail.
ज़रुर-ज़रुर -- positively; without fail.
  • ज़रुरत zaru:rat -- (nf) necessity, importance; need, requirement.
ज़रुरतन -- because of a need.
ज़रुरतमंद -- needy.
  • ज़रुरियात zaru:riya:t -- (nf) necessities; requirements, needs.
  • ज़रुरी zaru:ri: -- (a) important; necessary, needful; compulsory; indispensable.
  • ज़र्क-बर्क़ zark-barq -- (a) brilliant, gaudy, gaudily made-up; (nf) brilliance, gaudiness.
  • जर्ज/र jarjar -- (a) decrepit, worn out; crushed, senescent.
जर्जरता -- senescence, decrepitude.
जर्जरित -- worn out; decrepit crushed, decayed.
  • ज़र्द zard -- (a) pale, yellow.
ज़र्द पड़ना -- to turn pale, to be off colour; tobecome anaemic.
  • ज़र्दा zarda: -- (nm) see ज़रदा.
  • ज़र्दी zardi: -- (nf) paleness, yellowness; the yellow (part).
  • जर्मन सिल्वर jarmān silvar -- (nm) an alloy used for making utensils.
  • ज़र्रा zarra: -- (nm) an atom; a particle.
ज़र्रा-ज़र्रा -- each and every particle.
ज़र्रा भर -- a minute particle; a verysmall quantity; insignificantlysmall.
  • जर्रा/ह jarra:h -- (nm) a (traditionally trained) surgeon, one who dresseswounds.
जर्राही -- surgery, dressingof wounds.
  • जल jal -- (nm) water, aqua; hydro जल-.
जल-अपघटन -- hydrolysis.
जलकपाट -- sluice.
जलकर -- water-tax.
जलकल -- a waterpipe.
जलकल विभाग -- waterworks.
जलकुंभी -- atypical water plant.
जलकुक्कुट -- awater-fowl.
जलकूप -- a water-well.
जलकृषि -- water-culture.
जलकेलि -- water-gambol, aquatic sport.
जलघड़ी -- awater-clock.
जलचर/चारी -- aquatic(animal, etc.).
जल-चादर -- a sheet ofwater.
जल-जंतु -- aquatic creatures.
जलज/जात -- aqueous; lotus.
जलडमरुमध्य -- a strait.
जल-त्रास -- hydrophobia.
जल-थल -- water and land.
जल-थल एक होना -- a delugeto set in, water to submerge allvisible land.
जलद -- a cloud.
जलदस्यु -- apirate.
जलधर -- a cloud.
जलधारा -- awater current.
जलधि -- an ocean.
जलपत्ती -- a water-cress.
जलपथ -- water-ways.
जल-परी -- a siren, mermaid.
जल-प्रपात -- a waterfall, cataract.
जल-प्रलय -- cataclysm, deluge.
जल-प्रवाह -- a torrent/current of water.
जल-प्लावन -- inundation.
जल-भीति -- hydrophobia.
जल-मंडल -- hydrosphere.
जलमग्न -- submerged by or immersed underwater.
जलमय -- submerged in water; watery, hydrous.
जलमार्ग -- channel, waterways; water-course.
जल-यात्रा -- a voyage.
जलयान -- a ship, vessel; boat.
जल-युद्ध -- naval war.
जलराशि -- bodyor accumulation of water.
जललेख -- hydrography.
जल-विज्ञान/विद्या -- hydrology.
जलविद्युत -- hydro-electric.
जल-संत्रास -- hydrophobia.
जल-संधि -- astrait.
जल-समाधि -- watery grave, togo deep into water for ending upone's life.
जलसर्वेक्षण -- hydrography.
जलसह -- waterproof.
जल-सेना -- the navy, naval force.
जल-स्तंभ -- a column ofwater; lighthouse.
जल-स्तंभन -- the skillof keeping under water for prolonged spells.
जल-स्तर -- water level.
जलस्थल -- land and water.
जलस्थलीय -- amphibious.
जल-स्रोत -- source of water; water current.
जलहीन -- water-free; without water.
जलाक्रांत -- waterlogged.
जलागार -- a reservoir.
जल बिनु मीन -- a fish out of water.
  • ज़लज़ला zalzala: -- (nm) an earthquake.
  • जलन jalān -- (nf) a burning sensation; jealousy.
  • जल/ना jalnā: -- (v) to burn; to be inflamed/kindled; to be scorched; to feel jealous, to envy.
जल कर -- outof jealousy, inspired by jealousy.
जल-भुनकर कबाब/कोयला/ख़ाक/राख होना -- to burn with rage or envy.
जल मरना -- to burn oneself out of jealousy; to immolate oneself.
जलती आग मेंकूदना -- to knowingly burn one'sfingers.
जलती आग में घी/तेल डालना -- to add fuel to the fire, to fan theflame.
जला कर राख कर देना -- to layto the ashes.
जला-जलाकर मारना -- toinflict a slow painful death, totease to death.
जला-भुना -- frettingand fuming.
जली-कटी सुनाना -- tomake caustic and stinging remarks.
जले को जलाना -- to insult the alreadyafflicted.
जले पर नमक छिड़कना -- toadd insult to injury.
जले फफोले -- .
  • जलपान jalpā:n -- (nm) light refreshment; breakfast; at home.
जलपान-गृह -- a refreshment room.
  • जलवायु jalva:yu -- (nf) climate.
जलवायुविज्ञान -- climatology.
जलवायुवैज्ञानिक -- a climatologist.
  • जलसा jalsa: -- (nm) a meeting, function; festivity; social gathering.
जलसा , आम -- a public meeting.
  • जलाना jala:nā: -- (v) to light, to kindle; to burn, to scorch; to excite envy, to provoke jealousy.
  • जलार्णव jala:rṉav -- (nm) an ocean.
  • जलाल jala:l -- (nm) glory, splendour; pre-eminence; awe, awefulness.
  • ज़लालत zala:lat -- (nf) meanness, wretchedness; disgrace.
  • जलावत/न jala:vatān -- (nm) exile; (a) exiled.
जलावतनी -- exile.
  • जलावन jala:van -- (nm) fuel.
  • जलावर्त jala:vartt -- (nm) a whirlpool.
  • जलाशय jala:shay -- (nm) a reservoir; a body of water.
  • ज़लील zali:l -- (a) mean, wretched, contemptible; disgraced, insulted.
ज़लील करना -- to crop one's feathers, tohumiliate.
  • जलूस jalu:s -- (nm) a procession.
जलूस निकालना -- to take out (in) a procession.
  • जलेबी jalebi: -- (nf) a kind of sweetmeat; a kind of firework that shoots up like spiral.
  • जलोढ़ jaloṛḥ -- (a) alluvial.
जलोढ़ मिट्टी -- alluvial soil.
  • जलोढ़क jaloṛḥak -- (nm) alluvium.
  • जलोदर jalodar -- (nm) dropsy, ascites.
  • जलौका jalauka: -- (nf) see जौंक.
  • जल्द jald -- (adv) quickly; swiftly; hurriedly; instantly.
जल्दबाज़ -- hasty, impetuous; rash; a tear-away.
जल्दबाज़ी -- hastiness, impetuousity, rashness.
जल्द में सौदा करना -- to clap upa bargain.
  • जल्दी jaldi: -- (nf) hurry, haste; (adv) quickly, urgently, immediately.
जल्दी का काम शैतान का -- haste makeswaste.
  • जल्प jalp -- (nm) sophistry.
  • जल्लाद jalla:d -- (nm) a slaughterer; butcher; (a) cruel or merciless(person).
  • जवाँ javā: -- (a) young, youthful; an allomorph of जवान used as thefirst member in some compoundwords.
जवाँमर्द -- heroic; gallant; manly.
जवाँमर्दी -- heroism, bravery; manliness, gallantry.
  • जवान jawā:n -- (a) young/youthful; (nm) a youth; soldier.
  • जवानी java:nī: -- (nf) youth, young age, youthfulness.
जवानी उतरना/ढलना -- youth to be on the decline; to age.
जवानी का आलम -- the time of youthfulfrolic or adventure.
जवानी की नींद -- uninterrupted carefree sleep.
जवानी चढ़ना -- youth to make appearance, youth to be on the ascendance; to be affected by youthful lust.
जवानी दीवानी है -- youth knows no bounds.
जवानी फट पड़ना -- youthfulness to makeappearance all over, youth to bein its fullest bloom.
जवानी में माँझा ढीला -- young age, old ways; what isyouth but its vitality andvigour.
  • जवाब java:b -- (nm) reply, answer; response; counter-move.
जवाबतलबकरना -- to call for an explanation, tobring to book.
जवाबतलबी -- (seekingof) an explanation.
जवाबदार -- responsible, accountable; hence जवाबदारी( nf).
जवाबदावा -- written statement filedby the defendant: counter-statment.
जवाबदेह -- responsible, answerable, accountable.
जवाबदेही -- responsibility, accountability; obligation.
  • जवाबी java:bi: -- (a) counter; (in the nature of or requiring a) reply.
जवाबी कार्ड -- a reply card.
जवाबी तार -- a reply-paid telegram.
  • जवा/हर jawa:har -- (nm) a jewel.
जवाहिरात -- jewellery.
  • जश्न jashn -- (nm) festivity, merriment, festive celebration.
  • जस्त, जस्ता jast, jasta: -- (nm) zinc.
  • जहन्नुम jehnnūm -- (nm) the hell, inferno.
जहन्नुमरसीद -- consigned to hell.
जहन्नुम में जाना -- or जहन्नुम रसीद होना to go to hell, to be damned.
  • ज़हमत zehmāt -- (nf) trouble, botheration.
ज़हमत मोल लेना -- to own a botheration, to create trouble for oneself, to invite trouble.
  • ज़हर zehar -- (nm) poison, venom; anything bitter or disagreeable; (a) disagreeable, unpalatable.
ज़हरदार -- poisonous, venomous.
ज़हरबाद -- a carbuncle; septic.
ज़हरमोहरा -- bezoar.
ज़हर उगलना -- to make venomous utterances; to speak spitefully.
ज़हर उगलना, कलम से -- to dip one's penin gall.
ज़हर कर देना -- to make (aneatable) unpalatably bitter.
ज़हर काघूँट -- a bitter disagreeable phenomenon, a mouthful of poison.
ज़हर पीकर रह जाना -- to stand/suppressunbearable rage, to tolerate insult/humiliation.
ज़हर की पुड़िया -- one whoincites quarrels or factions, astormy petrel.
ज़हर चढ़ना -- poison tospread within the system.
ज़हर मेंबुझाना -- to treat with poison; toimpart a poisonous sting (towords).
ज़हर लगना -- to be most unwelcome.
  • ज़हरी, ज़हरीला zehri:, ~la: -- (a) full of venom; venomous, poisonous.
  • जहाँ jahā: -- an allomorph of 'जहान' (see) used as the first member inseveral compound words.
जहाँदीदा -- one who has seen the world, experienced (person).
जहाँपनाह -- the protector of the world; an honorofic used for kings and emperors, (adv) where, wherever.
जहाँ तक -- as far as.
जहाँ-तहाँ -- here and there; everywhere, all round.
जहाँ का तहाँ -- at the original place.
जहाँ चाह वहाँ राह -- where there is a will there isway, he who has a mind to beata dog will easily find a stick.
जहाँ धुआँ वहाँ आग -- no smoke withoutfire.
जहाँ सौ वहाँ सवा सौ -- over shoesover boots.
जहाँ सत्यानाश वहाँ सवासत्यानाश -- as well risk much aslittle.
  • जहाज़ jaha:z -- (nm) a vessel, ship.
जहाज़रानी -- shipping, navigation.
जहाज़ काजहाज़ -- quite a ship, a ship itself.
जहाज़ का पंछी -- one who has but onehabitat; forlorn.
  • जहाज़ी jaha:zi: -- (a) naval, nautical; (nm) a mariner, sailor.
जहाज़ी डाकू -- apirate.
  • जहान jahā:n -- (nm) the world; the people.
  • जहालत jaha:lat -- (nf) illiteracy, incivility, boorishness.
  • ज़हीन zahi:n -- (a) sharp, intelligent.
  • ज़हे किस्मत zahe kismat -- its my fortune, fortunate am I !.
  • जहेज़ jahez -- (nm) dowry.
जहेज़-प्रथा -- the dowry system.
  • जाँ jā: -- an allomorph of जान used as the first member in compoundwords.
जाँनिसार -- one who can sacrifice one's life, devoted.
जाँबाज़ -- venturesome, one who can risk one'slife.
जाँबाज़ी -- the quality that distinguishes a जाँबाज़, venturesomeness.
  • जाँगलू jā:glu: -- (a) incivil; boorish, rustic; wild.
  • जाँघ jā:gh -- (nf) a thigh.
  • जाँघिया jā:ghiya: -- (nm) a lower under-wear, short drawers.
  • जाँच jā:ch -- (nf) an investigation, examination; test; scanning; enquiry.
जाँच-पड़ताल -- investigation, enquiry.
जाँच-परख -- test, scanning, examination.
  • जाँचना jā:chnā: -- (v) to investigate; to verify; to test; to evaluate.
  • जांतव jā:ntav -- (a) pertaining/relating to or born of a जंतु (see).
  • जाँता jā:ta: -- (nm) a quern, stone handmill.
  • जाकड़ ja:kaṛ -- (nm) on approval (purchases).
जाकड़ का माल -- goods/articles on approval.
  • जाकेट jakeṭ -- (nf) a jacket.
  • जाको ja:ko -- (pro) in Braj Bhasha, the counterpart of जिसको (whom).
जाको राखे साइयाँ मार सकै ना कोय -- everybullet has its billet.
  • जागतिक ja:gtik -- (a) worldly, earthly, mundane.
  • जागना ja:gnā: -- (v) to rise, to wake up; to be alert; to be on theascendance (as नसीबजागना ); to brightenup (as लौजागना ).
जागते को कौन जगाये -- anod is as good as a wink to ablind horse.
  • जागरण ja:grāṉ -- (nm) awakening, wakefulness, vigil; sitting throughthe night in religious or festivecollective singing.
  • जागरित ja:grit -- (a) awakened, risen, woken up.
  • जागरुक ja:gru:k -- (a) alert, vigilant, wakeful.
जागरुकता -- wakefulness, vigilance, alertness.
  • जागीर ja:gi:r -- (nf) property, landed property, land etc. given by thegovernment as a reward, jaghir.
जागीरदार -- the holder of a जागीर, afief, jaghirdar.
जागीरदारी -- feudalism; jaghirdari.
  • जागीरी ja:gi:ri: -- (nf) pertaining to or related with landed property.
  • जागृति ja:ggriti -- (nf) an awakening.
  • जाजम ja:jam -- (nf) see जाज़िम.
  • जाज़िम ja:zim -- (nf) a multi-coloured floor sheet.
  • जाज्वल्यमान jajvallymā:n -- (a) shining; resplendent; refulgent, luminous.
  • जाट ja:ṭ -- (nm) a sub-caste of the Hindu community mostly inhabiting western Uttar Pradesh, thePunjab, Rajasthan and HaryanaStates of the Indian Union.
जाट मरा तब जानिए जब तेरहवीं/सत्रहवीं हो जाये -- do not halloo till you areout of the wood.
  • जाड़ा ja:ṛa: -- (nf) cold; winter.
जाड़ा खाना -- to be struck by cold.
जाड़ा लगना -- tofeel cold.
  • जात ja:t -- (a) born; manifest; (nf) caste.
जातकर्म/क्रिया -- the fourth of thesixteen major संस्कारs of theHindus performed after the child-birth.
जात-पाँत -- caste, caste and community.
जातमृत -- still-born.
  • ज़ात za:t -- (nf) self; person; individual, individuality; breed; characteristic quality.
ज़ात-पाँत -- caste and community.
  • जातक ja:tak -- (nm) the new-born; (astrological calculation of) nativity; see जातकर्म; the collectionof the tales of Lord Buddha'sprevious births.
  • जाति ja:ti -- (nf) caste; community; race; sect; genus; type; kind; breed.
जातिगत -- racial; communal, sectarian.
जातिच्युत -- expelled from the community.
जातितत्त्व -- ethnological content.
जातितत्त्व विज्ञान -- ethnology.
जातिधर्म -- generic property; caste-characteristic; conduct peculiar to a caste/community.
जाति-पाँति -- caste andcommunity.
जाति-बहिष्कार -- ex-communication.
जाति-बहिष्कृत -- ex-communicated.
  • ज़ाती za:ti: -- (a) personal, individual.
ज़ाती तौर पर -- personally, personally speaking.
  • जातीय ja:ti:y -- (a) racial; communal; generic.
जातीय अल्पसंख्यांक -- racial minority.
जातीय एकता -- racial unity.
जातीय घृणा -- racialhatred.
जातीय पृथग्वासन -- apartheid.
जातीय भेद-भाव -- racial discrimination.
  • जातीयता ja:ti:yta: -- (nf) raciality; communality/communalism.
  • जादू ja:du: -- (nm) magic, juggling; charm; spell.
जादू-टोना -- sorcery, witchcraft; voodooism.
जादू उतरना -- the charm to be dispelled, to bedisenchanted.
जादू करना -- to cast aspell on, to practise magic; tobewitch; to conjure.
जादू चलना -- tocome under the spell (of), to bespell-bound.
जादू वह जो सिर पर चढ़कर बोले -- magic manifests itself inprocuring quiet obeisance; themeans that achieve the end arethe best means.
  • जादूग/र ja:du:gar -- (nm) a magician; juggler; sorcerer, conjurer, जादूगरनी (nf).
जादूगरी -- magic, sorcery; jugglery, witchcraft.
  • जान jā:n -- (nf) life, animation; stamina, vitality; energy; essence; spirit; sweetheart; darling.
जान-ए-मन -- darling!, sweetheart!.
जान-जोखिम -- risk of life.
जानदार -- having vitality; lively, animate.
जान-बीमा -- life-insurance.
जानलेवा -- deadly; mortal.
जान व-माल -- life and property/belongings.
जान आना -- to be revived; to havea lease of life.
जान आफ़त में होना -- tobe at a dead lift.
जान आँखों में आ जाना -- to be on the verge of death.
जान ओठोंपर आना -- to have life hanging bya feeble thread; to be in amortal agony.
जान का गाहक/ग्राहक -- benton causing one's end.
जान का नुकसान -- loss of life.
जान की अमान -- guaranteeof life.
जान की ख़ैर -- surety of life.
जान की ख़ैर मनाना -- to endeavour orpray for the safety of life.
जान की पड़ना -- to be worried about the security of one's life.
जान की बाज़ी लगाना(।) -- would give my ears, to stakeone's life, to be ready to makeany sacrifice.
जान के लाले पड़ना -- to be under the shadow of death, to be in an irretrievably risky position.
जान खपाना -- to put in arduouswork, to labour hard.
जान खाना -- topester constantly.
जान चुराना -- see जी चुराना.
जान छिड़कना -- to be deeply inlove (with), to be ready to stakelife for.
जान छुड़ाना -- to get rid of, toskulk from.
जान छूटना -- to get rid of.
जान देना -- to sacrifice; to be in passionate love (with).
जान निकलना -- tobecome lifeless, to be in greatagony.
जान पर आना -- .
जान पर आ बनना -- tobe exposed to imminent danger, to be exposed to imminent riskof life.
जान पर खेलना -- to stake one'slife, to put one's life in peril.
जान पर नौबत आना -- see जान पर आ बनना.
जान बचाना -- to save the life of; toshirk/skulk/funk; to save one'scarcass.
जान बची लाखों पाए -- security oflife represents the greatest achievement; Dutch comfort.
जान भारी होना -- to be weary of life, to feel lifeto be a burden.
जान मुट्ठी में होना -- tohave a person cold, to have himat one's mercy.
जान में जान आना -- tofeel relieved, to feel comforted.
जान लड़ाना -- to exert to the utmost, tostrain every nerve.
जान लेना -- to kill.
  • जानका/र ja:nka:r -- (a) knowing, knowledgeable, conversant; (nm) one who knows.
जानकारी -- knowledge, acquaintance; brief.
  • जानना ja:nnā: -- (v) to know, to become aware of; to perceive.
जानकर -- knowingly, deliberately, wilfully.
अनजान बनना -- to feign ignorance.
जानने वाले -- acquaintance.
जान-बूझकर -- knowingly, deliberately, wilfully.
जान-बूझकर आग में कूदना/कुएँ में पड़ना -- to deliberately jump into fireto deliberately risk a hazard tolife.
जान-बूझकर मक्खी निग़लना -- to connive at.
जाने-अनजाने -- wittingly or unwittingly, knowingly or unknowingly.
  • जानपद ja:npad -- (a) pertaining, belonging to, or related with, a जनपद.
  • जान-पहचान ja:n-pehchā:n -- (nf) acquaintance.
जान-पहचान वाले -- acquaintances.
  • जानवर ja:nwar -- (nm) an animal, beast.
  • जानशी/न ja:nashī:n -- (nm) successor, heir.
जानशीनी -- succession, inheritance.
  • जाना ja:nā: -- (v) to go, to depart; to lose (as मेरा क्या जाता है ?); toflow (as खून जा रहा है).
जाते रहना -- to pass away; to continue to go.
जा धमकना -- to appear on the sceneall of a sudden.
जा निकलना -- toarrive by chance.
जाने देना -- to letgo; to pardon.
जा लेना -- to catchup, to overtake.
  • जानिब ja:nib -- (nf) side, direction.
जानिबदार -- a partisan, supporter.
जानिबदारी -- taking of sides, adoption of apartisan attitude.
  • जानी ja:nī: -- (a) pertaining to, or aiming at, life; beloved, darling.
जानी दुश्मन -- a deadly enemy, sworn enemy.
  • जाप ja:p -- (nm) see जप.
  • जापा ja:pa: -- (nm) delivery, child birth.
जापाघर -- maternity home.
  • ज़ाफ़रा/न zā:frā:n -- (nm) saffron.
ज़ाफ़रानी -- saffron (coloured).
  • जा-बेजा ja:beja: -- (a) indiscriminate; proper and improper, good andbad; (adv) at the opportune orinopportune moment/time/placeetc., indiscriminately.
  • ज़ाब्ता za:bta: -- (nm) rule, regulation.
ज़ाब्ता दीवानी -- code of civil procedure.
ज़ाब्ता फ़ौजदारी -- code of criminal procedure.
  • जाम ja:m -- (a) jammed; (nm) jam; a peg.
जाम कर देना -- to jam, to jam up.
जाम चलना -- to have a drinking spree.
जाम पर जाम चलना -- to take peg afterpeg, to have a drinking spree.
  • जामदानी ja:mdā:nī: -- (nf) a kind of flower-woven fine cloth.
  • जामन ja:mān -- (nm) rennet जामन the small quantity of curd used for coagulating milk.
  • जा/मा ja:mā: -- (nm) attire, clothing; a long gown worn by the bride-groom.
जामे में फूले न समाना -- to bepuffed up/swollen with joy.
जामे सेबाहर होना -- to be unable to containoneself (out of joy or rage); totranscend one's limits.
  • जामाता ja:mā:ta: -- (nm) a son-in-law.
  • ज़ामिन za:min -- (nm) a surety, guarantor.
  • जामु/न ja:mun -- (nf) jambo, a black plum (the tree and its fruit).
जामुनी -- of the colour of जामुन, bluish.
  • ज़ाय/क़ा za:yqa: -- (nm) taste, relish.
ज़ायक़ेदार -- delicious, tasty.
ज़ायक़ा बिगड़ना -- to have one's (sense of) tasteimpaired.
  • जायज़ ja:yaz -- (a) suitable; proper; befitting; legitimate.
  • जायज़ा ja:yza: -- (nm) a scrutiny; survey.
  • ज़ायद za:yad -- (a) extra; additional.
  • जायदाद ja:yda:d -- (nf) property.
जायदाद ग़ैर-मनक़ूला -- immovable property.
जायदाद मनक़ूला -- movable property.
  • जाफ़री ja:fri: -- (nf) a trellis.
  • जायफल ja:yphal -- (nm) a nutmeg —Myristica moschata.
  • जाया ja:ya: -- (nf) spouse, wife; (a) born (of).
  • ज़ाया za:ya: -- (a) waste, ruined.
ज़ाया करना -- to waste, to ruin.
ज़ाया जाना -- to bewasted/ruined.
  • जार ja:r -- (nm) an adulterer, a paramour.
जार कर्म -- adultery, adulterous activity.
जारज संतान -- a bastard, adulterine, illegitimate; born onthe wrong side of the blanket.
जारजता -- illegitimacy.
जारिणी -- anadulteress.
  • ज़ार za:r -- (a).
ज़ार-ज़ार रोना -- to weep bitterly.
  • जारी ja:ri: -- (a) continued; current, running; issued; in force.
जारी करना -- to issue, to enforce; to commence.
जारी रखना -- to continue, to keep up.
  • जाल ja:l -- (nm) a net, network; mesh; snare; plot.
जालसाज़ -- a conspirer; forgerer, deceitful.
जालसाज़ी -- plotting; conspiracy; forgery.
जाल डालना/फेंकना -- to cast a net.
जाल फैलना -- to lay atrap.
जाल में फँसना -- to be caught in atrap, to be trapped.
  • जालक ja:lak -- (nm) a ploxus; lattice.
  • जाला ja:la: -- (nm) a cobweb; net; flake; cataract.
जाले साफ़ करना -- to blowaway the cobwebs.
  • जालिका ja:lika: -- (nf) a plexus.
  • ज़ालिम za:lim -- (a) cruel, atrocious, tyrannical; (nm) a tyrant.
  • ज़ालिमाना za:limā:nā: -- (a) atrocious, tyrannical.
  • जालिया ja:liya: -- (a) see जाल (जालियासाज़).
  • जाली ja:li: -- (a) forged, counterfeit; (nm) mesh; hammock; muzzle; grating.
जालीदार -- meshed, fitted withgrating.
  • जावित्री ja:vittri: -- (nf) mace.
  • जासू/स jasu:s -- (nm) a spy, detective.
जासूसी -- espionage, spying, intelligencework; detective.
  • ज़ाहि/र za:hir -- (a) apparent; obvious; evident.
ज़ाहिरा -- apparently.
ज़ाहिरा तौर पर -- apparently; obviously; evidently.
  • जाहिल ja:hil -- (a) illiterate; uncivil, boorish.
  • ज़िंदगानी zindga:nī: -- (nf) life.
  • ज़िंदगी zindagi: -- (nf) life; liveliness.
ज़िंदगी भर -- all one's life, throughout life.
ज़िंदगी के आखिरी दिन गिनना/ज़िंदगी के दिनपूरे करना -- to pass time somehow, to count the last days of life.
ज़िंदगी बसर करना -- to spend life; to carryon anyhow.
ज़िंदगी भारी होना -- life tohang heavy.
ज़िंदगी में मौत का मज़ाचखना -- to know death in life, toundergo tremendous hardships inlife.
ज़िंदगी से बेज़ार होना -- to be fedup/tired of life.
  • ज़िंदा zīnda: -- (a) alive, living; not dead.
ज़िंदादिल -- sprightly, lively, cheerful.
ज़िंदादिली -- sprightliness, liveliness, cheerfulness.
ज़िंदाबाद ! -- longlive !.
ज़िंदा लाश -- spiritless, dead alive.
  • जिंस jīns -- (nf) commodity; cereals.
जिंसवार -- commoditywise.
जिंसवारी -- commoditywise classification.
  • ज़िक्र zikkr -- (nm) mention, reference.
  • जिगर jigar -- (nm) the liver; heart; courage.
जिगर का टुकड़ा -- a son; verydear one.
जिगर के टुकड़े होना -- lit. theliver to be torn asunder—to beshattered by a grave shock.
जिगर थाम -- .
  • जिगरा jigra: -- (nm) courage.
  • जिगरी jigri: -- (a) pertaining to the liver; beloved, dear; very intimate.
जिगरी दोस्त -- bosom friend, very intimate friend.
  • ज़िच zich -- (nf) checkmate; stalemate.
ज़िच करना -- to checkmate; to be placed in a stalemate.
ज़िच होना -- to be checkmated; to be in a stalemate.
  • जिजीवि/षा jiji:visha: -- (nf) the life instinct, will to live.
जिजीविषु -- willingto live, having the will to live.
  • जिज्ञासा jiggya:sa: -- (nf) curiosity, inquisitiveness; spirit of learning.
  • जिज्ञासु jiggya:su -- (a) curious, inquisitive; willing to learn; (nm) a learner.
  • जिठानी jiṭḥa:nī: -- (nf) husband's elder brother's wife.
  • जित jit -- an adjectival suffix/prefix used in Sanskrit words meaning'one who has conquered' (e.g.जितकोप, इन्द्रजित).
जितकोप/क्रोध -- onewho has conquered or subduedthe feeling of anger/wrath.
जितशत्रु -- a conqueror of enemies.
जितश्रम -- tireless, one who has conqueredthe sense of fatigue.
  • जित/ना jitna: -- (a) as much as.
जितने -- as many (as).
जिततना गुड़ डालोगे उतनाही मीठा होगा -- the more the sugar, the sweeter the beverage.
जितनी लंबी चादर हो उतने पैर फैलाओ -- cutyour coat according to your size.
  • जितात्मा jita:tmā: -- (a and nm) (one) in full control of oneself; a self-conqueror.
  • जिताना jita:nā: -- (v) to cause to win to achieve victory.
  • जितेंद्रिय jitendriy -- (a and nm) (one) in full control of one's senses; aconqueror of senses, an ascetic; hence जितेंद्रियता (nf).
  • ज़िद zid -- (nf) obstinacy, stubbornness; insistence.
ज़िद करना -- to insist.
ज़िद पर आना -- to adopt an inflexible attitude, to strike a stubbornposture.
  • ज़िद्दी ziddi: -- (a) obstinate, stubborn, inflexible; insistent; hence ज़िद्दीपना( nm).
  • जिधर jidhar -- (adv) wherever, in whichever direction.
जिधर-जिधर -- inwhatever directions.
  • जिन jin -- (nm) lord Buddha; the Jain Ti:rthaṅkars (see); (pro) the pluralform of जिस.
  • ज़िना zinā: -- (nm) adultery.
ज़िनाकार -- an adulterer; adulterous.
ज़िनाकारी -- adultery.
ज़िना बिल-ज़ब्र -- rape.
  • जिन्न jinn -- (nm) a jinnee, according to Mohammedan demonology oneof the lower type of spirits.
जिन्न सवार होना -- to be possessed by a jinnee, to be under a satanic influence.
  • ज़ि/म्मा zimmā: -- (nm) responsibility, charge, obligation.
ज़िम्मेदार, ज़िम्मेवार -- responsible, answerable.
ज़िम्मेदारी, ज़िम्मेवारी -- responsibility, obligation.
निभाना -- to deliver thegoods.
ज़िम्मा लेना -- to take or ownthe responsibility (of), to under-take.
  • ज़ियाफत ziya:fat -- (nf) a feast.
  • ज़ियार/त ziya:rat -- (nf) a pilgrimage.
ज़ियारती -- a pilgrim; pertaining to pilgrimage.
  • जिरगा jirga: -- (nm) an assembly; a representative body of the frontierPaṭḥa:ns.
  • जिरह jireh -- (nf) cross-examination, cross-questioning.
जिरह करना -- to cross-examine, to cross-question.
  • ज़िरहबक्तर zirahbaktar -- (nm) armour.
  • जिराफ़ jira:f -- (nm) a giraffe.
  • ज़िला zila: -- (nm) a district.
ज़िला अदालत -- the district court.
ज़िला अफ़सर -- a.
  • ज़िलाधीश zila:dhi:sh -- (nm) the district magistrate.
  • जिलाना jila:nā: -- (v) to (cause to) revive, to restore to life; to cause to live.
  • जिल्द jild -- (nf) binding (of a book); cover; skin.
जिल्ददार -- bound.
जिल्दबंद -- bound (book).
जिल्दबंदी -- book-bindingwork.
जिल्द , बिना -- unbound.
जिल्दसाज़ -- abookbinder.
जिल्दसाज़ी -- book-binding.
  • ज़िल्लत zillat -- (nf) humiliation, insult.
ज़िल्लत उठाना -- to suffer humiliation, to put up with insult.
  • जिस jis -- (pro) an oblique form of जो (see).
जिस कल बैठाये बैठना -- to danceto the tune of.
जिसका पल्ला भारी उसी से कर यारी -- to come down onthe right side of the fence.
जिसकी खाना उसी की बजाना -- he that pays thepiper calls the tune.
जिस गाँव जाना नहींउसका रास्ता क्या पूछ?ना ? -- to evinceno interest in the course onedoes not have to follow.
जिसने दर्ददिया उसी से दवा लेना -- to take hairof the dog that bit you.
जिस पत्तल में खाना उसी में छेद करना -- to fell thetree that gives you shelter, tocut the hand that feeds.
  • जिस्म jism -- (nm) body; physique.
  • जिस्मानी jismā:nī: -- (a) physical, bodily.
जिस्मानी ताक़त -- physical force.
  • जिहाद jiha:d: -- (nm) crusade.
जिहाद बोलना -- to launch a crusade.
  • जिहादी jiha:di: -- (nm) a crusader; (a) crusading.
  • जिव्हा jivha: -- (nf) the tongue, lingua.
जिव्हामूल -- the root of the tongue.
जिव्हाग्र -- the front of the tongue.
जिव्हा-नोक -- the tip of the tongue.
जिव्हामध्य -- themiddle of the tongue.
जिव्हालोलुप -- see चटोरा.
जिव्हा पर होना; -- to be on the tipof the tongue.
  • जी ji: -- (nm) mind; heart; (ind) an honorofic suffix; yes !, yes, sir !.
जी आ जाना, (किसी पर) -- the heart to beset on (somebody or something); to fall in love with, to be fascinated by.
जी उकताना -- to be fed up(of), to be weary (of), to getdisgusted (with).
जी उचटना -- to beennuied, to get disinterested; notto be able to concentrate (on).
जी उड़ा जाना -- to feel nervously restless.
जी ऊबना/ऊब जाना -- to be fed up, to be browned off.
जी कड़ा करना -- tomuster courage, to prepare oneself for any eventuality.
जी करना -- to set heart on, to long (for).
जी काँपना -- to feel scared.
जी का बोझहलका होना -- to be relieved of aworry or apprehension; to feelsoothed.
जी की अमान माँगना -- to seekor requested pardon; to preface adiscourse with excuses.
जी की जी मेंरहना -- (a wish or longing) not tohave a chance for expression ormaterialisation.
जी को मारना -- torepress a longing; to practise self-denial.
जी खट्टा होना -- to be disenchanted/disgusted; to set (person's) teeth on the edge.
जी खोलकर -- freely, without any restraint or stint; toone's heart's content.
जी घबराना -- to feel nervous, to be uneasy.
जी चाहना -- to desire, to long (for).
जी चाहे -- if you feel like, if you sodesire.
जी चुराना -- to shirk (work); tocast a spell (upon), to charm, tocaptivate.
जी छोटा करना -- to loseheart, to be discouraged.
जी जलना -- to be grieved, to have a sore heart.
जी जलाना -- to get in one's hair, towound/grieve, to plague.
जी जान से -- heart and soul, passionately; whole-heartedly.
जी जान से कोशिशकरना -- to knuckle down to it.
  • जीजा ji:ja: -- (nm) elder sister's husband.
  • जीजी ji:ji: -- (nf) an elder sister.
  • ज़ीट zi:ṭ -- (nf) boasting, bragging.
ज़ीट मारना -- to brag, to boast.
  • जीत ji:t -- (nf) victory, success.
जीत-हार -- victory and defeat, success andfailure.
जीत मुट्ठी में होना -- to have thegame in one's hands.
  • जीतना ji:tnā: -- (v) to win, to conquer; to prevail upon; to master.
  • जीता ji:ta: -- (a) living, alive; won.
जीता-जागता -- living, lively; up and kicking.
जीती बाज़ी -- a battle alreadywon.
जीती मक्खी निगलना -- to wilfullycommit or connive in a wrong.
जीते जी -- during the life-time of; as long as one is living or is inexistence.
जीते मर जाना -- to suffer deathin life, to endure extreme miseryor anguish.
जीते रहो ! -- may youlive long !.
  • ज़ीन zi:n -- (nf) a saddle; a kind of thick suiting (cloth).
ज़ीनसाज़ -- a saddle maker.
ज़ीनसाज़ी -- saddle-making.
  • जीना ji:nā: -- (v) to live, to be alive.
जी उठना -- to be revived, to be infused with new life.
जीना दूभर करना -- tomake it too hot for, to make lifehell.
जीना दूभर या भारी हो जाना -- the lifeto become a burden or an impossibility.
  • ज़ीना zi:nā: -- (nm) a staircase, ladder.
  • जीभ ji:bh -- (nf) tongue, lingua.
जीभ ऐंठ जाना -- the tongue to be twisted; tobe on the verge of death.
जीभ का कडुआ मन का उजला -- one's bark tobe worse than one's bite.
जीभ का चटख़ारे लेना -- to have an inkling fordainties.
जीभ काटना -- see ज़बान काटना.
जीभ के तले जीभ होना -- to be double-tongued.
जीभ खींच लेना -- see जीभ निकालना.
जीभ चलना -- to talk too much, to begabby; to talk grandly or largely.
जीभ निकालना -- lit. to pull out the tongue—to inflict heavy punishment; to quieten for ever.
जीभ हिलाना -- tospeak out.
जीभ पर सरस्वती बसना/विराजना/होना -- .
जीभ पर सरस्वती का वास होना -- to have the gift of the gab, to make utterances that eventuallyprove true.
  • जीभी ji:bhi: -- (nf) a tongue-cleaner.
  • जीमना ji:mnā: -- (v) to feast, to fare sumptuously.
  • ज़ीरा zi:ra: -- (nm) cumin seed; chipping.
  • जीर्ण ji:rṉ -- (a) time-worn, decayed, decrepit; old, chronic.
जीर्ण ज्वर -- chronic fever; hence जीर्णता (nf).
जीर्ण वस्त्र -- worn-out/tattered cloth.
जीर्ण-शीर्ण -- tattered, worn and torn.
  • जीर्णोध्दार ji:rṉoddha:r -- (nm) resurrection, resuscitation.
  • जीवंत ji:vānt -- (a) lively, living, animated, life-like; hence जीवंतता (nf).
  • जीव ji:v -- (nm) a creature, living being; life; soul.
जीवघाती -- destroyer of life, killer; murderous.
जीव-जंतु -- creatures; tiny creatures.
जीव-जगत -- theanimate world.
जीवदान -- sacrificeof life.
जीवधारी -- living being, organism.
जीवभौतिकी -- biophysics.
जीवरसायन -- biochemistry.
जीवलोक -- mortal world.
जीववाद -- vitalism, animism.
जीववासिकी -- bionomics, bionomy.
जीवविज्ञान -- biology.
जीवविष -- toxin.
जीववैज्ञानिक -- a biologist; biological.
जीव-हत्या/हिंसा -- destruction oflife.
जीवहीन -- lifeless.
  • जीवट ji:vaṭ -- (nm) courage; spirit, adventure; endurance; hence जीवटदार, जीवट का आदमी having the heart of oak.
  • जीवन ji:vān -- (nm) life; animation; existence.
जीवन-क्रम -- the journey oflife; living.
जीवनचरित -- biography.
जीवनचरितकार -- a biographer.
जीवनचर्या -- living; routine of life.
जीवन-दान -- sacrifice of life; (commitment) to sparesomebody's life.
जीवनधन -- the basicwealth of life; a woman's husband.
जीवन-नैया/नौका -- the ship of life.
जीवन-मरण -- life and death.
जीवन-मरण चक्र -- the life anddeath-cycle.
जीवन-वृत्त/वृत्तांत -- biography, bio-data.
जीवन-शक्ति -- elan vital, vitality.
जीवन-संघर्ष -- struggle for life; strugglefor existence.
जीवन-संध्या -- the eveningof one's life—the last phase oflife.
जीवन-स्तर -- standard of living.
जीवनहीन -- lifeless; insipid.
जीवनहेतु -- livelihood; the basis of existence.
जीवन भार होना -- life to become a burden.
  • जीवनी ji:vnī: -- (nf) biography.
जीवनीकार -- a biographer.
  • जीवन्मु/क्त ji:vānmukt -- (a) freed from worldly bonds in life, liberated.
जीवन्मुक्ति -- freedom from worldlybonds in life, liberation.
  • जीवन्मृत ji:vānmrit -- (a) living dead, experiencing death in life.
  • जीवांकिकी ji:vā:ṅkiki: -- (nf) Biometry.
  • जीवाणु ji:vā:ṉū -- (nm) bacteria; microbe.
  • जीवाधार jiva:dha:r -- (nm) vitals; basis of life.
  • जीविका ji:vika: -- (nf) livelihood; subsistence.
जीविका चलाना -- to earn one'slivelihood, to make both endsmeet.
  • जीवित ji:vit -- (a) alive, living; (nm).
  • जीवी ji:vi: -- (nm) a living organism; a suffix meaning living or subsisting by or for, e.g. चिरजीवी, श्रमजीवी, बुद्धिजीवी.
  • जीवोपयोगितावा/द jivopyogita:va:d -- (nm) biologism; hence जीवोपयोगितावादी (nm and a).
  • जीव्यता ji:vyta: -- (nf) viability.
  • जुंबिश jumbish -- (nf) activity, movement.
  • जुआ jua: -- (nm) gambling; yoke.
जुआखाना/घर -- a gambling den, gambling house.
जुआ कंधे से उतार फेंकना -- to throw off the yoke, to free/liberate oneself from.
जुआ रखना/धरना -- to put yoke upon; to cause towork hard.
  • ज़ुआरी jua:ri: -- (nm) a gambler.
  • ज़ुकाम zuka:m -- (nm) cold, catarrh.
ज़ुकाम बिगड़ना -- the rheum to become thick and clotted, the defluxionfrom the head to be suddenlystopped.
  • जुग jug -- (nm) see युग.
जुग-जुग -- for ages, for ever.
जुग-जुग जियो ! -- (a benedictionfrom an elderly person) May youlive for ages !.
  • जुगत jugat -- (nf) a skilful device/measure, contrivance.
जुगत भिड़ाना/लड़ाना -- to manipulate, to contrive.
  • जुगनू jugnū: -- (nm) a fire-fly, glow-worm.
  • जुगल jugal -- (nm and a) pair, couple, the two, duet.
जुगल जोड़ी -- a matchingpair.
  • जुगलबंदी jugalbandi: -- (nf) a duet (of two musical instruments).
  • जुगाड़ juga:ṛ -- (nf) way, device, measure, manoeuvre.
जुगाड़ करना -- to manage, to manoeuvre, to find a way (toachieve).
जुगाड़ बैठाना/भिड़ाना/लगानालड़ाना -- to manage, to manoevure, to find a way out.
  • जुगाल juga:l -- (nm) a cud.
  • जुगाली juga:li: -- (nf) rumination.
जुगाली करना -- to ruminate.
  • जुगुप्सा jugupsa: -- (nf) disgust, intense aversion; hence जुगुप्साजनक, जुगुप्सामूलक (a).
  • जुज़ juz -- (nm) a part, portion; forme of a book; (ind) without.
जुज़बंदी -- the sewing of the individualformes of a book, putting theparts together.
  • जुझा/र, जुझारु jujha:r, ~ru: -- (a and nm) (a) combatant; warrior.
  • जुट juṭ -- (nm) pair; batch.
  • जुटना juṭnā: -- (v) to be engaged (in a work) in full force; to unite; toassemble, to flock.
  • जुटाना juṭa:nā: -- (v) to gather; to procure; to cause to work in full force.
  • जुठारना juṭḥa:rnā: -- (v) to defile by tasting a little (of victuals etc.) orby using (clothes etc.); to havethe first relish; to render second-hand.
  • जुड़ना juṛnā: -- (v) to be attached/added/jointed/linked; to be procured or collected.
  • जुड़नार juṛna:r -- (nf) fittings.
  • जुड़वाँ juṛwā: -- (a and nm) twin/twins.
  • जुतना jutnā: -- (v) to be tilled/ploughed; to be yoked, to be harnessed to work.
  • जुताई juta:i: -- (nf) (the act or process of) ploughing; tillage.
  • जुतियाना jutiya:nā: -- (v) to strike with a shoe; to humiliate.
  • जुदा juda: -- (a) separate; disunited.
जुदा-जुदा -- different; severally.
  • जुदाई juda:i: -- (nf) separation.
  • जुनून junū:n -- (nm) craziness, madness, insanity; mania.
  • जुन्हाई junha:i: -- (nf) the moonlight.
  • जुमला jumla: -- (nm) a sentence; (a) all, total.
  • जुमा jumā: -- (nm) Friday.
जुमा जुमा आठ दिन -- a very limited span of time, only a few days.
जुमेरात -- Thursday.
  • जुर्म jurm -- (nm) crime; offence.
जुर्म साबित करना -- to bring charge home to a person.
  • जुर्माना jurmā:nā: -- (nm) a fine, penalty.
  • जुर्रत jurrat -- (nf) courage; audacity, effrontery, cheek.
जुर्रत होना -- to havethe cheek.
  • जुर्राब jurra:b -- (nf) socks, stocking.
  • जुल jul -- (nm) duplicity, trickery, guile.
जुलबाज़ -- a cheat, trickster.
जुलबाज़ी -- duplicity, cheating, knavery.
जुल देना -- to cheat, to deceive, to practise fraud.
  • जुलाई jula:i: -- (nf) (the month of) July.
  • जुलाब jula:b -- (nm) a purgative.
  • जुलाहा jula:ha: -- (nm) a weaver.
  • जुलूस julu:s -- (nm) a procession.
  • जुल्फ़ zulf -- (nm) (curled) lock of hair.
  • जुल्म zulm -- (nm) oppression, tyranny, outrage.
जुल्मपसंद -- a tyrant; tyrannical; oppressive.
ज़ुल्मो-सितम -- oppression and repression.
जुल्म ढाना -- tocommit outrage, to oppress; toindulge in oppressive measures.
  • ज़ुल्मी zulmī: -- (a) tyrant, tyrannical; oppressive.
  • जुहार juha:r -- (nf) a typical term of salutation (usually prevalent in Ra:jastha:n).
  • जुही juhi: -- (nf) a kind of Jasmine—Jasminum anriculatum.
  • जूँ jū: -- (nf) a louse.
जूँ न रेंगना, कान पर -- see कान पर जूँ न रेंगना.
  • जूझना ju:jhnā: -- (v) to fight hard, to struggle; to combat.
जूझ जाना -- to die fighting.
  • जूट ju:ṭ -- (nm) jute; matted hair.
  • जूठन ju:ṭḥān -- (nf) leavings (of food, drink, etc.).
  • जूठा ju:ṭḥa: -- (a) defiled by eating, drinking or using otherwise.
  • जूड़ा juṛa: -- (nm) a bun-shaped hair-do.
  • जूड़ी ju:ṛi: -- (nf) ague, malarial fever.
  • जूतमपैज़ार ju:tampaiza:r -- (nf) a shoe-fight, exchange of shoe-blows, mutual application of shoe strokes in a quarrel; general scuffle.
  • जूता ju:ta: -- (nf) a shoe, footwear.
जूता उठाना -- to raise a shoe in order to beat, to be ready to give a shoeblow.
0, (किसी का) -- to do menialchores.
जूता चलना -- exchange of shoe-blows, mutual hitting by shoes.
जूता चलवाना -- to set people together bythe ears.
जूते की नोक पर रखना -- tocare a fig/tuppence for.
जूते चाटना -- to lick somebody's shoe; to beservilely flattering.
जूते पड़ना/बरसना -- to be beaten by shoes, to be hitor struck repeatedly by shoes.
जूते खाना -- to be beaten by shoes.
जूते मारना/लगाना -- to give a shoe-beating; to humiliate; to retaliatein an insulting manner.
जूते सेखबर लेना -- to apply the shoe, toinflict a shoe-beating.
जूते से पूजाकरना -- to resort to shoe-beating, to beat with shoes.
जूते से बातकरना -- to apply the shoe, tostraightaway resort to the application of shoe force.
जूते की नोक पर मारना -- to treat (somebody) withcontempt, to consider (somebody) as absolutely of no significance; to care a fig (for).
  • जूती ju:ti: -- (nf) a typical light shoe; ladies footwear.
जूती की नोक पर -- carea fig for.
जूती के बराबर समझना -- to treatwith utter contempt, to consideras absolutely of no value.
जूतियाँउठाना -- to dance attendance upon, todo menial chores for.
जूतियाँ चटकाते फिरना -- to roam about aimlessly.
जूतियाँ बगल में दबाना -- to slink awayor slip off quietly.
जूतियाँ सीधी करना -- to perform menial chores; tocringe to, to behave obsequiously.
जूतियाँ सिर पर रखना -- lit. to carrysomebody's shoes over the head—to.
  • जून jū:n -- (nm) (the month of) June; time (as दो जून की रोटी); half a day.
  • जूरी ju:ri: -- (nf) the jury.
जूरी-अदालत -- the court of the jury.
  • जूही ju:hi: -- (nf) see जूही.
  • जेठ jeṭḥ -- (nm) the third month of the Hindu lunar calendar; elder brother of a woman's husband.
  • जेठा jeṭḥa: -- (a) elder; senior.
  • जेठानी jeṭḥa:nī: -- (nf) see जिठानी.
  • जेब jeb -- (nf) a pocket.
जेबकट/कतरा -- a pickpocket.
जेबख़र्च -- pocket-expenses, pocket money.
जेबघड़ी -- pocket watch.
जेब कटना -- pocket to be picked.
जेब कतरना -- to pick pocket.
जेब ख़ाली होना -- to have no money in one's pocket, to be penniless.
जेब गरम होना -- tohave a full pocket; to receive abribe.
जेब भारी होना -- to have plentyof money.
जेब में रहना -- to be farahead in excellence, to be veryvery superior.
  • जेबी jebi: -- (a) pertaining to, or fit for keeping in, a pocket, pocket जेबी ; (nf) a pouch.
  • ज़ेब्रा zebra: -- (nm) a zebbra.
  • ज़ेर zer -- (ind) under; below; (a) subdued, subjugated.
ज़ेर-तजवीज़ -- under consideration.
ज़ेरबार -- under a heavyburden, indebted.
ज़ेर-साया -- underthe protection (of).
ज़ेर हिरासत -- in/under custody.
ज़ेर करना -- to subdue, to subjugate.
ज़ेर होना -- to be subdued/subjugated.
ज़ेरे-ग़ौर -- under consideration.
  • जेल jel -- (nf) a prison, jail/gaol.
जेल काटना -- to suffer imprisonment, to be put behind the bars.
जेल की रोटीयाँतोड़ना -- to suffer imprisonment; tobe in jail.
जेल की हवा खाना -- to sufferimprisonment, to go behind thebars.
  • जेलख़ाना jelḳḥa:nā: -- (nm) a prison-house, jail/gaol.
  • जेलर jelar -- (nm) a jailor/gaoler.
  • जेली jeli: -- (nm) a prisoner; (nf) jelly.
  • जेवनार jevna:r -- (nf) a feast.
  • ज़ेवर zevar -- (nm) an ornament; (pl.) jewellery.
  • ज़ेवरात zevra:t -- (nm) plural of ज़ेवर.
  • ज़ेहन zehan -- (nf) intellect; memory, mind.
ज़ेहनदार -- intelligent, sharp.
ज़ेहन में आना -- to occur (in the mind).
ज़ेहन में बैठना -- to follow/understand; totake to one's heart.
ज़ेहनियत -- mentality, nature.
  • जै jai -- (nf) see जय.
  • ज़ैतून zaitu:n -- (nm) olive (tree and its fruit).
  • जैन jāīn -- (nm) a follower of Jainism—a religious order; a Jain.
  • जैनेरल jaineral -- (nm) a general (of an army).
  • जैव jaiv -- (a) biological.
जैवविज्ञान -- Biology.
जैववैज्ञानिक -- a biologist, biological.
  • जैसा jaisa: -- (a) similar to, like, resembling; (adv) as, like, such as.
जैसा करोगे वैसा भरोगे -- as you sow so shall you reap.
जैसा पिता वैसा पूत/जैसा-बाप वैसा बेटा -- like father like son.
जैसा पेड़वैसा फल -- like wood, like arrows.
जैसी -- (feminine form).
जैसी करनी वैसी भरनी -- to lie in the bed one hasmade, to drink as one has brewed.
जैसे का तैसा -- as it was, the self-same; intact.
जैसे को तैसा -- tit for tat, topay one in his own coin; aRowland for an Oliver, measurefor measure.
  • जैसे jaise -- (adv) as, as if; according as; (ind) for example; for instance; as.
जैसे-तैसे -- somehow; somehow or other; catch as catch can.
  • जोंक jōk -- (nf) a leech; (fig) a blood-sucker, parasite.
जोंक की तरह चिपकाना -- to hang on irresistibly.
  • जो jo -- (pro) who; which; what; that; (ind) if.
जो गरजते है वे बरसते नहीं -- barking dogs seldom bite.
जो जागतहै सो पावत है -- it is the early birdthat catches the worm.
जो पीछे रहजाये जहन्नुम जाये -- devil take thehindmost.
जो भी हो -- however; at anyrate.
जो मिले सो हलाल -- all is gristthat comes to his mill.
जो होगा सोदेखा जायेगा -- to go bald-headed.
जो हो सो हो -- come what may.
  • जोख jokh -- (nf) lit. it means weighing, used only in the compound नाप-जोख (see).
  • जोखिम jokhim -- (nm) risk, danger; enterprise.
जोखिम का काम -- a risky orhazardous job.
जोखिम उठाना/लेना -- to takea risk, to run a hazard.
जोखिम में -- onthin ice, on dangerous ground.
जोखिम मेंडटे रहना -- to stand in the breach.
जोखिम मोल लेना -- to go (in) off the deepend, to take risks.
  • जोखों jokhō -- (nm) see जोखिम.
  • जोगिन jogin -- (nf) a female ascetic/mendicant.
  • जोगिनी jogini: -- (nf) see जोगी.
  • जोगिया jogiya: -- (a) saffron, saffron-coloured.
जोगिया कपड़े/बाना/वस्त्र -- saffron robes—as donned by a mendicant.
जोगिया बाना धारण करना -- to take tomendicancy/asceticism.
  • जोगी jogi: -- (nm) an ascetic, a mendicant.
जोगी बनना -- to renounce the world.
  • जोड़ joṛ -- (nm) sum, total; addition, union; joint; articulation; splice; seam; a patch; match.
जोड़-जोड़ -- eachand every joint.
जोड़-तोड़ -- ad libitum; manipulation, machination, contrivance.
जोड़दार -- jointed, havingjoints.
जोड़पट्टी -- fish plate.
जोड़ का -- matching, equal to.
जोड़ का तोड़ -- amatch, counter.
जोड़ बदना -- to fix aa bout.
जोड़-बाक़ी -- debit and credit; addition and subtraction.
जोड़-बाक़ी बराबर होना -- to be quits, to have nodebit and no credit.
जोड़ मिलना -- to beequal/matching; to tally.
  • जोड़ना joṛnā: -- (v) to add, to sum up; to link; to unite; to connect; toattach; to collect, to accumulate; to weld; to bind; to cement; to set(a bone etc.); to assemble; to saveup.
जोड़-जोड़कर धरना -- to save uplittle by little.
जोड़-बटोरकर -- bycollecting together.
  • जोड़ा joṛa: -- (nm) a pair, couple; suit.
  • जोड़ी joṛi: -- (nf) a pair, couple; a pair of clubs.
जोड़ी का -- matching, ofequal status.
जोड़ीदार -- a match; comrade; matching.
  • जोत jot -- (nf) tillage, holding; flame.
जोतदार -- a land-holder, tiller.
जोत सेजोत जले -- one flame kindles another.
  • जोतना jotnā: -- (v) to plough, to till; to yoke; to harness to work.
  • जोबन jobān -- (nm) blooming youth; youthful charm; full bloom; puberty; youthful breasts.
जोबन ढलना -- to take the bloom off.
जोबन पर आना/होना -- to be in full bloom.
जोबन लूटना -- toenjoy the youthful charm of awoman; to commit outrage.
  • ज़ोम zom -- (nm) fervour; vigour; zeal; pride.
ज़ोम में होना -- to be in full vigour.
  • ज़ोर zor -- (nm) strength, force, power; stress, strain: emphasis; support; influence.
ज़ोर-आज़माई -- trial of strength.
  • ज़ोरावर zora:var -- (a) powerful, strong.
  • जोरु joru: -- (nf) wife.
जोरु-जाँता -- household, household effects.
जोरु का ग़ुलाम -- an uxorious husband, obedient; hen-pecked husband.
जोरु होना -- tolive under the cat's foot, to beunder petticoat government.
जोरु न जाँता अल्ला मियाँ से नाता -- no household, no worldly cares.
  • जोश josh -- (nm) enthusiasm; excitement, fervour, passion; zeal.
जोश-वजोश- ख़रोश -- fervour and frenzy.
जोश खाना -- to boil; to be excited; to be agitated.
जोश ठंडा पड़ना -- passion/excitement to subside, all fervour/zealto disappear.
जोश मारना -- to be agitated; to be in a passion.
जोश में आना -- tobe provoked/excited.
जोशे जाम -- Dutch courage (courage inducedby drinking), pot-valour.
  • जोशाँदा joshā:da: -- (nm) a medicinal decoction (used as a remedy forcough and cold).
  • जोशीला joshila: -- (v) spirited, enthusiastic, zealous; vigorous; hence जोशीलापन (nm).
  • जोहना johnā: -- (v) to await; to look for.
  • जौ jau -- (nm) barley.
जौ भर -- a grain/particle.
  • जौहर jauhar -- (nm) valour; skill or skilful manipulation; a mediaevalRajput custom wherein the womenperformed self-immolation to savetheir honour.
जौहर दिखाना -- to proveone's mettle/valour.
  • जौहरी jauhari: -- (nm) a jeweller; a connoisseur.
  • ज्ञ gya -- a Sanskrit suffix meaning 'one who knows or realises' as गुणज्ञ, बहुज्ञ, कृतज्ञ.
  • ज्ञात gya:t -- (a) known; comprehended.
ज्ञातयौवना -- traditionally, a heroine conscious of her bloomingyouth.
  • ज्ञातव्य gya:tavvy -- (a) knowable, worth knowing.
  • ज्ञाता gya:ta: -- (nm and a) (one) who knows; a scholar; learned (person).
  • ज्ञान gya:n -- (nm) knowable, learning; sense.
ज्ञानगम्य -- knowable, perceptible; intelligible.
ज्ञानगोचर -- knowable, perceptible.
ज्ञानचक्षु -- theinner vision; one who is blessedwith intellect.
ज्ञानदाता -- a preceptor, giver of knowledge.
ज्ञानपिपासा -- thirstfor knowledge; hence ज्ञानपिपासु (nm).
ज्ञानमीमांसा -- epistemology.
ज्ञानवान -- learned, scholarly.
ज्ञान-साधन -- medium ormeans of perception or acquisition of knowledge.
ज्ञान-साधना -- pursuitof knowledge.
  • ज्ञानमय gya:nmay -- (a) full of knowledge; knowledge incarnate.
  • ज्ञानी gya:nī: -- (a) wise; learned, knowledgeable, well-informed; one who has attained self-realisation.
ज्ञानी-ध्यानी -- devoted to meditation/spiritual pursuits.
  • ज्ञानेंद्रिय gya:nēndriy -- (nf) the (five) senses of perception, viz. the eye, the ear, the nose, the tongue andthe skin.
  • ज्ञानोदय gya:noday -- (nm) the advent/emergence of knowledge.
  • ज्ञापक gya:pak -- (nm) memo; informant; (a) informative; indicative.
  • ज्ञापन gya:pān -- (nm) memorandum; proclaiming, making known; hence ज्ञापित (a).
  • ज्ञेय gyey -- (a) knowable; worth knowing; hence ज्ञेयता (nf).
  • ज्या jya: -- (nf) a bow-string.
  • ज़्यादती zya:dati: -- (nf) excess, high-handedness, injustice.
  • ज़्यादा zya:da: -- (a) more; many; much; plenty.
ज़्यादातर -- mostly, in most cases.
  • ज्यामि/ति jya:miti -- (nf) Geometry.
ज्यामितीय -- geometrical.
  • ज्येष्ठ jyeshṭḥ -- (a) the eldest (brother, son, etc.), the senior-most; senior, elder; hence ज्येष्ठता (nf); (nm) thethird month of the Hindu calendar.
  • ज्यों jyō -- (ind) as, as if.
ज्यों-ज्यों - -- as.
ज्यों त्यों -- somehow, by manipulation.
ज्यों हीं -- as soon as.
ज्यों का त्यों -- as it was(before), intact.
  • ज्योति jyoti -- (nf) light; flame; lustre; vision.
ज्योतिमंडल -- the planetarysystem.
ज्योतिर्मिति -- photometery.
ज्योतिर्विद्या/ज्योतिःशास्त्र -- Astronomy; astronomical science; uranography.
ज्योतिर्विद -- an astronomer; uranographer.
  • ज्योतिर्मय jyotirmay -- (a) resplendent luminous, bright.
ज्योतिर्मयता -- resplendence, luminosity, brightness.
  • ज्योतिष jyotish -- (nf) Astrology.
ज्योतिष-विद्या/शास्त्र -- Astrology.
  • ज्योतिषी jyotishi: -- (nm) an astrologer.
  • ज्योति/ष्मान jyotishmā:n -- (a) luminous, lustrous; radiant, resplendent; hence ज्योतिष्मती (fem).
  • ज्योत्स्ना jyotsnā: -- (nf) the moonlight.
  • ज्यौंनार jyāūna:r -- (nm) see जेवनार.
  • ज्वर jvar -- (nm) fever, pyrexia.
ज्वरग्रस्त -- down with fever.
ज्वर चढ़ना -- to runtemperature; to feel uneasy.
  • ज्वलंत jvalānt -- (a) blazing, burning; conspicuous; striking; hence ज्वलंतता( nf).
  • ज्वलन jvalān -- (nm) inflammation; combustion, burning.
ज्वलनशील -- inflammable, combustible.
  • ज्वलित jvalit -- (a) inflamed, burnt; set ablaze.
  • ज्वार jva:r -- (nm) flood tide; (great) millet.
ज्वार-भाटा -- flood tide and ebbtide; vicissitudes.
  • ज्वाला jva:la: -- (nf) flame, blaze.
  • ज्वालामुखी jva:la:mukhi: -- (nm) a volcano; (a) volcanic.
ज्वालामुखी पर्वत -- volcanic mountain, a volcano.
  • झ jha -- the fourth letter of the second pentad (i.e. चवर्ग) of the Devna:gri: alphabet.
  • झंकार jhāṅka:r -- (nf) tinkling, jingling; clinking sound; chirr.
  • झंकारना jhāṅka:rnā: -- (v) to produce tinkling/jingling/clinking sound, to tinkle/jingle/clink; to chirr.
  • झंकृत jhāṅkrit -- (a) tinkled, jingled, clinked; chirred; set tinkling/jingling.
  • झंखाड़ jhāṇkha:ṛ -- (nm) leafless thick thorny bush; a cluster of thorny bushes.
  • झंझ/ट jhāṇjhaṭ -- (nm) botheration; mess, trouble, imbroglio.
झंझटी -- quarrelsome; trouble-maker.
झंझट मोल लेना -- to ask for/wilfully owna botheration, to embroil oneself in a mess.
  • झँझरी jhājhri: -- (nf) lattice.
झँझरीदार -- latticed.
झँझरीनुमा -- like lattice, ofthe shape of lattice.
  • झंझा jhāṇjha: -- (nm) a gale, storm.
झंझावात -- (nm) see झंझा.
  • झँझोड़ना jhājhoṛnā: -- (v) to jerk violently; to hold with the teeth and give a jerk.
  • झंडा jhāṉḍa: -- (nm) a flag, banner, standard; ensign.
झंडा जहाज़ -- a flagship.
झंडाबरदार -- a standard-bearer.
झंडा उठाना -- to hold a banner aloft; totake up a cause.
झंडा के नीचे -- underthe banner of, under the leadership of.
झंडा खड़ा करना -- to invokepeople to fight for a cause; toestablish a record.
झंडा गाड़ना -- tocome off with flying colours; toachieve a victory; to set up a flag, to plant a standard.
झंडा झुकाना -- tolower a flag; to be in mourning.
झंडा फहराना -- to hoist a flag; to comeout with flying colours.
झंडे तलेजमा होना, एकझंडा -- to gather underone banner, to fight under thesame leadership or for one cause.
  • झंडी jhāṉḍi: -- (nf) a bunting, small flag.
झंडीदार -- fitted with buntings orsmall flags.
झंडी दिखाना -- to give aslip; to give a signal.
  • झँपना jhāpnā: -- (v) to be closed (as (आँखें); to cover; to conceal.
  • झक jhak -- (nf) a whim; craze; (a) clean, tidy.
झकमक -- clean, neat andtidy.
  • झकझक jhakjhak -- (nf) wrangling, higgling; altercation, wordy quarrel.
  • झकझोरना jhakjhornā: -- (v) to shake or jerk violently, to shake off.
  • झकझोरा jhakjhora: -- (nm) a violent jerk.
  • झकाझक jhaka:jhak -- (a) spotlessly clean, shiningly tidy, clean andtidy.
  • झका/र jhaka:r -- (nm) the letter झ (jha) and its sound.
झकारांत -- (word) ending in झ् (jh).
  • झकोर jhakor -- (nm) see झकोरा.
  • झकोरना jhakornā: -- (v) (the air) to flow gustily (through the trees); to blast through.
  • झकोरा jhakora: -- (nm) a blast, gust, whiff.
  • झक्कड़ jhakkaṛ -- (nm) a storm, hurricane.
  • झक्की jhakki: -- (a) crazy, whimsical; whacky; given to prattling (out ofindignation/discontentment); hence झक्कीपन (nm).
  • झख jhakh -- (nf) a fish; craze, whim.
झख मार कर -- left with no alternative, under compulsion.
झख मारना -- to bea fool for one's pains, to beengaged in a fruitless work.
  • झगड़ना jhagaṛnā: -- (a) to quarrel, to altercate, to scramble.
  • झगड़ा jhagṛa: -- (nm) a quarrel, dispute; altercation; scramble; fray.
झगड़ा-झंटा/झगड़ा-टंटा -- argumentation and altercation, dispute, quarrel.
झगड़ा खड़ा करना -- to kick up a row/dust.
झगड़ा ख़त्म करना -- to bury the hatchet, to be donewith it.
झगड़ा छेड़ना -- to assume theaggressive.
झगड़ा मोल लेना -- to trail one'scoat tails; to get embroiled in aquarrel/dispute; to fasten quarrelupon; to pick a quarrel/altercation.
झगड़े की जड़ -- apple of discord.
  • झगड़ालू jhagṛa:lu: -- (a) quarrelsome, disputatious, pugnacious; hence झगड़ालूपन (nm).
  • झट jhaṭ -- (adv) instantly, at once.
  • झटकना jhaṭaknā: -- (v) to jerk off, to twitch; to wrest, to snatch; toextort; to obtain by force or fraud.
  • झटका jhaṭka: -- (nm) a jerk, jolt, shock; lurch; beheading (an animal) with one stroke; the meat of ananimal so beheaded.
  • झटकारना jhaṭka:rnā: -- (a) to twitch; to shake or knock off (as dust orcrumples from a bedsheet, etc.); to clean.
  • झटपट jhaṭpaṭ -- (adv) instantaneously, quickly, promptly.
  • झड़ना jhaṛnā: -- (v) to be shed off; to drop or fall; to be discharged (assemen).
  • झड़प jhaṛap -- (nf) a skirmish, snap fight; altercation.
  • झड़पा-झड़पी jhaṛpa:jhaṛpi: -- (nf) an altercation; a brawl.
  • झड़ी jhaṛi -- (nf) incessānt downpour; non-stop shower.
झड़ी लगना -- to havean incessant downpour.
  • झनक jhanāk -- (nf) tinkling, clinking, clink-clank; hence झनकना (v).
  • झनकार jhanka:r -- (nf) (see) झंकार.
  • झनकारना jhanka:rnā: -- (v) see झंकारना.
  • झनझनाना jhanjhana:nā: -- (v) to be benumbed or cramped; to be infused with a sharp benumbing sensation; to clang, to tinkle, to jingle.
  • झनझनाहट jhanjhana:haṭ -- (nf) a sharp sensation of numbness; tinnitus; disaesthesia; tinkling/jingling/clinking clanking sound.
  • झन्नाना jhannā:nā: -- (v) to be benumbed; to make torpid/insensible.
  • झन्नाहट jhanna:haṭ -- (nf) see झन्नाना.
  • झप jhap -- .
झप होना -- to be suddenly closed (eyes); to be rendered visionlessall of a sudden; also झपना.
  • झपकना jhapaknā: -- (v) to blink, to wink; to twinkle.
  • झपकी jhapki: -- (nf) a nap, short sleep; blink.
झपकी लेना -- to have a nap.
  • झपटना jhapaṭnā: -- (v) to make a sudden swoop, to pounce (upon), to dash; to snatch, to grab.
  • झपट्टा jhapaṭṭa: -- (nm) a swoop, pounce.
झपट्टा मारना -- to swoop, to (makea) pounce.
  • झपेट jhapeṭ -- (nf) (striking) range; stroke; swoop.
झपेट में आना -- to comeinto the striking range of; to bestruck (by).
  • झपेटा jhapeṭa: -- (nm) see झपेट.
  • झबरा jhabra: -- (a) shaggy, having wildly abundant hair all over.
  • झबरीला jhabri:la: -- (a) see झबरा.
  • झब्बा jhabba: -- (nm) a tassel.
झब्बेदार -- tasselled, fitted with tassel(s).
  • झमकना jhamaknā: -- (v) to flounce, to make an agitated, coyous or violent motion.
  • झमझमाना jnamjhamā:nā: -- (v) to produce a tinkling sound; to glisten; to (impart a) shine.
  • झमेला jhamela: -- (nm) a mess; botheration; imbroglio.
  • झरना jharnā: -- (nm) a spring, cascade, fall: (v) to flow forth, to spring: tofall; to trickle.
  • झरोखा jharokha: -- (nm) an oriel, oriel window, network of airholes/apertures; mesh.
  • झलक jhalak -- (nf) a glimpse; semblance; adumbration.
झलक दिखाना -- to show a glimpse.
झलक मारना -- to have asemblance of.
  • झलकना jhalaknā: -- (v) to show up faintly or imperfectly; to be reflected; to carry a semblance of.
  • झलमल jhalmal -- (nf) glitter, gleam, bright tremulous light, twinkle.
  • झलमलाना jhalmala:nā: -- (v) to gleam.
  • झलाई jhala:i: -- (nm) welding; welding charges.
झलाईगर -- a welder.
झलाई करना -- toto weld.
  • झल्लरी jhallari: -- (nf) fimbria.
  • झल्लाना jhalla:nā: -- (v) to shout peevishly; to be irritated, to fretand fume; hence झल्लाहट (nf) tantrums.
  • झाँईं jhā:ī: -- (nf) a shadow; reflection; darkness; a dark facial freckle.
झाँईं आना -- to be dazed; to be stupefied.
झाँईं मारना -- to show a semblance of.
  • झाँकना jhā:knā: -- (v) to peep in or out, to peer.
झाँकना भी नहीं, किसी के यहाँ -- to have absolutely nothing to do, to have no contact at all.
  • झाँकी jhā:ki: -- (nf) a glimpse; tableau; scene.
  • झाँझ jhā:jh -- (nf) a sistrum; hollow tinkling anklet.
  • झाँट jhā:ṭ -- (nf) pubes, the hairy growth around the genitals.
  • झाँप jhā:p -- (nf) a weather-shed; shade, covering.
  • झाँपना jhā:pnā: -- (v) to cover; to shade.
  • झाँय-झाँय jhā:yjhā:y -- (nf) sound produced by violent flow of air in a desolate tract of land.
झाँय-झाँय करना -- (air) to produce a frightful sound in itsflow through desolateness; to altercate, to enter into a heated argument, altercation, wordy quarrel.
  • झाँवाँ jhā:vā: -- (nm) pumic (stone), strigil.
  • झाँसा jhā:sa: -- (nm) wheedling; hoodwinking, dodge.
झाँसा-पट्टी -- wheedling, trickery; pettifogging.
झाँसेबाज़ -- a wheedler, pettifogger.
झाँसेबाज़ी -- wheedling trickery, habitual pettifogging.
झाँसा देना -- to dodge, to play atrick on.
झाँसे में आना (आसानी से) -- tobe caught with chaff, to rise tothe fly, to be taken in by a hoax.
  • झाऊ jha:u: -- (nm) a tamarisk tree झाऊ Tamarix Indica.
  • झाग jha:g -- (nm) foam; lather; scum; froth.
झागदार -- foamy; frothy; lathery; scummy.
  • झाड़ jha:ṛ -- (nm) a bush, shrub; small tree; chandelier; (nf) reprimand, scolding.
झाड़खंड -- a forest track; brambles.
झाड़-झंखाड़ -- bushes andshrubs, abatis.
झाड़दार -- bushy, shrubby.
झाड़-फ़ानूस -- chandelier.
झाड़बंध -- abatis.
झाड़ पिलाना -- to administer a reprimand, to scold severely.
  • झाड़न jha:ṛān -- (nf) a duster; whisk; sweepings.
  • झाड़/ना jha:ṛnā: -- (v) to sweep, to brush, to clean; to chide, to reprimand; to extort; to grab; to shakeor knock off; to hocus-pocus.
झाड़-पोंछ -- brushing and cleaning; cleansing.
झाड़-फूंक -- hocus-pocus.
झाड़-बुहार -- sweeping and cleaning.
  • झाड़ी jha:ṛi: -- (nf) a bush, thicket.
  • झाड़ू jha:ṛu: -- (nm) a broom, besom.
झाड़ूकश/झाड़ूबरदार -- a sweeper.
झाड़ू फिरना -- to be swept off; to be clean-swept; everything to be ruined/undone.
झाड़ू मारना -- to damn a thing, to bedone with it.
  • झापड़ jha:paṛ -- (nm) a full-blooded slap.
झापड़ रसीद करना -- to slap violently.
  • झाबर jha:bar -- (nm) a moor.
  • झाबा jha:ba: -- (nm) a pannier.
  • झाम jhā:m -- (nm) a dredger, grabbing crane.
  • झामक jha:māk -- (nm) see झाँवाँ.
  • झारी jha:ri: -- (nf) a ewer with a slender neck and a spout fittedinto it.
  • झाल jha:l -- (nm) a solder; soldering/welding.
  • झालना jha:lnā: -- (v) to solder, to weld.
  • झालर jha:lar -- (nf) festoon; frill, fringe.
झालरदार -- fimbriate, frilled, fitted with festoons.
  • झाला jha:la: -- (nm) a rhythmic pattern of instrumental music.
  • झिंझरी jhījhri: -- (nf) a lattice, grating.
  • झिझक jhijhak -- (nf) hesitation, hitch; shyness.
झिझक खोलना -- to break the ice, to shed off one's hesitation/shyness.
  • झिझकना jhijhaknā: -- (v) to hesitate; to feel shy.
  • झिड़कना jhiṛaknā: -- (v) to tick off, to snap, to snub.
  • झिड़की jhiṛki: -- (nf) ticking off, snap, a snub.
झिड़की देना -- to tick off, to snub.
  • झिपना jhipnā: -- (v) to be shut/closed (as आँखें) per force.
  • झिरझिरा jhirjhira: -- (a) thinned/thin; threadbare; hence झिरझिरापन (nm).
  • झिरी jhiri: -- (nf) slit, recess; fissure, cleft; chink.
  • झिलमिल jhilmil -- (nf) twinkle/twinkling; shimmer/shimmering; flicker/flickering.
  • झिलमिलाना jhilmila:nā: -- (v) to twinkle; to shimmer; to flicker.
  • झिलमिलाहट jhilmila:haṭ -- (nf) twinkle; to shimmer; to flicker.
  • झिलमिली jhilmili: -- (nf) venetian shutters, persiennes.
  • झिल्ली jhilli: -- (nf) a membrane; film; pellicle; a kind of cricket.
झिल्लीदार -- membranous; covered with a film/pellicle.
  • झींकना jhī:knā: -- (v) to repine; to fret; to grumble/grouse.
  • झींखना jhī:khnā: -- (v) see झींकना.
  • झींगा jhī:ga: -- (nf) a prawn.
  • झींगुर jhī:gur -- (nm) (an insect) cricket.
  • झीना jhī:nā: -- (a) thinned/thin, threadbare; hence झीनापन (nm).
  • झील jhi:l -- (nf) a lake.
  • झुँझना jhūjhnā: -- (nm) see झुनझुना.
  • झुँझला/ना jhūjhla:nā: -- (v) to get irritated/petulant/peeved/annoyed; to be peeved, to fret.
झुँझला कर बोलना -- tosnap/bite one's nose off.
  • झुँझलाहट jhūjhla:haṭ -- (nf) irritation, irascibility, peevishness, petulance; annoyance.
  • झुंड jhūṉḍ -- (nm) a flock, herd; clump, cluster.
झुंड के झुंड -- swarms, hordes.
  • झुकना jhuknā: -- (v) to bow; to droop; to stoop; to bend; to yield; to lean(towards); to be tilted.
  • झुकाना jhuka:nā: -- (v) to bend; to cause to stoop, to force to yield; to cause to lean (towards); to tilt.
  • झुकाव jhuka:v -- (nm) inclination, bent, bias; leaning; curvature; flexion; trend; tilt.
  • झुटपुटा jhuṭpuṭa: -- (nm) twilight, the morning or evening hour whenthe sunlight is very faint.
  • झुठलाना jhuṭḥla:nā: -- (v) to belie, to falsify; to give a lie to.
  • झुठाई jhuṭḥa:i: -- (nf) falsehood, untruth.
  • झुनझुना jhuṇjhunā: -- (nm) a child's rattle, rattling toy.
  • झुनझुनाना jhuṇjhunā:nā: -- (v) to produce a rattle/rattling sound.
  • झुमका jhumka: -- (nm) pendant (of an ear-ring etc.).
  • झुरझुरी jhurjhuri: -- (nf) a shivering sensation, shivering.
  • झुरमुट jhurmūṭ -- (nm) an abatis, a cluster of shrubs, grove.
झुरमुटदार -- fullof shrubs, shrubby.
  • झुर्री jhurri: -- (nf) wrinkle, crinkle, fold.
झुर्रीदार -- wrinkled, crinkled, rugose.
  • झुलना jhulnā: -- (v) see झूला.
  • झुलसन jhulsān -- (nf) a sensation of burning; a slight burn, scorch, singe; charring.
  • झुलसना jhulasnā: -- (v) to be scorched, to be singed; to be effected witha burning sensation; to be charred.
  • झुलाना jhula:nā: -- (v) to swing, to rock; to keep in suspense/uncertainty.
  • झूँझल jhū:jhal -- (nf) see झुँझलाहट.
  • झूठ jhu:ṭḥ -- (a) false, untrue, incorrect; (nm) falsehood, lie, untruth.
झूठमूठ -- falsely; without any rhymeor reason; just for fun.
झूठमूठ का -- sham, false.
झूठ-सच -- partly true and partlyfalse, a mixture of fact and fiction.
झूठ का पुतला -- falsehood personified, ahabitual liar.
झूठ का पुल बाँधना -- lit. tobuild a bridge of lies—to tell onelie after another.
झूठ सच जोंड़ना/लगाना -- to add fabrication to fact; to make false complaints.
  • झूठन jhu:ṭḥan -- (nf) see जूठन.
  • झूठा jhu:ṭḥa: -- (a) false; fictitious; untrue; sham; mock; feigned; (nm) a liar.
झूठा पड़ना -- to prove false; to berendered ineffective.
झूठे का मुहँकाला -- a liar is damned to ultimateexposure.
झूठे को घर/क़ब्र तक पहुँचाना -- to expose a lie and humiliate theliar; to call off one's bluff, toprick a bubble.
झूठे पर ख़ुदा की लानत -- the liar be damned.
झूठों का बादशाह/सरदार -- a king of liars, a liar parexcellence.
  • झूमना jhu:mnā: -- (v) to swing in a gay mood or intoxication; to swayto and fro.
  • झूल jhu:l -- (nm) a long loose over-cover (for a horse, an elephant, etc.).
  • झूलना jhu:lnā: -- (v) to swing; to oscillate; to dangle; to linger in suspense; (nm) see झूला.
  • झूला jhu:la: -- (nm) a swing; suspended scaffold; cradle.
  • झेंपना jhēpnā: -- (v) to blush; to feel abashed/shy; to be put out ofcountenance.
  • झेंपू jhēpu: -- (a) bashful, temperamentally shy, prone to feel abashed; hence झेंपूपन (nm).
  • झेलना jhelnā: -- (v) to bear, to endure, to suffer.
  • झोंक jhōk -- (nf) impulse, impulsive sway; swing; craze; tantrums.
झोंक में -- in a mood of craze, in an impulsive sway.
  • झोंकना jhōknā: -- (v) to throw in; to thrust in; to pour in.
  • झों/का jhōka: -- (nm) a blast, puff, whiff, gust, jet.
झोंकेदार -- gusty, whiffy, puffy.
  • झोंटा jhōṭa: -- (nm) a thick lock of dishevelled hair; a push (given to a swing).
  • झोंपड़ा jhōpṛa: -- (nm) a shanty, hut.
  • झोंपड़ी jhōpṛi: -- (nf) a hut, small cottage.
झोंपड़ी में रहकर महलों के ख़्वाब देखना -- to live in a shanty anddream of plenty, to live on earthand dream of heaven.
  • झोल jhol -- (nm) bagginess; sagging looseness; rumple, pucker; soup; broth; a fine coating of a metal.
झोलदार -- baggy; sagging; loose; rumpled, puckered; soupy.
  • झोला jhola: -- (nm) a bag, kit, haversack, knapsack.
  • झोली jholi: -- (nf) a small bag; any cloth stretched out to collectsomething; begging bag.
झोली फैलाना -- to beg; to seek a favour.
झोली में डालना -- to give away, to donate.
  • झौंरा jhāūra: -- (nm) a foliage, cluster (of leaves, etc.).
  • ञ ṇa -- the fifth and final (nasal) letter of the second pentad (i.e. चवर्ग) of the Devna:gri: alphabet.
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